Adipose tissue retains an epigenetic memory of obesity after weight loss
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA991586 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR25146900_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25146900_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25146901_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25146901_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25146902_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Reducing body weight to improve metabolic health and related comorbidities is a primary goal in treating obesity. However, maintaining weight loss is a considerable challenge, especially as the body appears to retain an obesogenic memory that defends against body weight changes. Overcoming this barrier for long-term treatment success is difficult because the molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon remain largely unknown. Here, by using single-nuclei RNA-sequencing, we show that both human and mouse adipose tissue retain cellular transcriptional changes after appreciable weight loss. Furthermore, we find persistent obesity-induced alterations in the mouse adipocyte epigenome, negatively affecting their function and response to metabolic stimuli. Mice carrying this obesogenic memory show accelerated rebound weight gain, and the epigenetic memory can explain future transcriptional deregulation in adipocytes in response to further high-fat diet feeding. In summary, our findings indicate the existence of an obesogenic memory, largely based on stable epigenetic changes, in mouse adipocytes, and likely other cell types. These changes appear to prime cells for pathological responses in an obesogenic environment, contributing to the problematic "yo-yo" effect often seen with dieting. Targeting these changes in the future could improve long-term weight management and health outcomes.
2024-11-14 | GSE236579 | GEO
Project description:Reducing body weight to improve metabolic health and related comorbidities is a primary goal in treating obesity. However, maintaining weight loss is a considerable challenge, especially as the body appears to retain an obesogenic memory that defends against body weight changes. Overcoming this barrier for long-term treatment success is difficult because the molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon remain largely unknown. Here, by using single-nuclei RNA-sequencing, we show that both human and mouse adipose tissue retain cellular transcriptional changes after appreciable weight loss. Furthermore, we find persistent obesity-induced alterations in the mouse adipocyte epigenome, negatively affecting their function and response to metabolic stimuli. Mice carrying this obesogenic memory show accelerated rebound weight gain, and the epigenetic memory can explain future transcriptional deregulation in adipocytes in response to further high-fat diet feeding. In summary, our findings indicate the existence of an obesogenic memory, largely based on stable epigenetic changes, in mouse adipocytes, and likely other cell types. These changes appear to prime cells for pathological responses in an obesogenic environment, contributing to the problematic "yo-yo" effect often seen with dieting. Targeting these changes in the future could improve long-term weight management and health outcomes.
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Project description:Reducing body weight to improve metabolic health and related comorbidities is a primary goal in treating obesity. However, maintaining weight loss is a considerable challenge, especially as the body appears to retain an obesogenic memory that defends against body weight changes. Overcoming this barrier for long-term treatment success is difficult because the molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon remain largely unknown. Here, by using single-nuclei RNA-sequencing, we show that both human and mouse adipose tissue retain cellular transcriptional changes after appreciable weight loss. Furthermore, we find persistent obesity-induced alterations in the mouse adipocyte epigenome, negatively affecting their function and response to metabolic stimuli. Mice carrying this obesogenic memory show accelerated rebound weight gain, and the epigenetic memory can explain future transcriptional deregulation in adipocytes in response to further high-fat diet feeding. In summary, our findings indicate the existence of an obesogenic memory, largely based on stable epigenetic changes, in mouse adipocytes, and likely other cell types. These changes appear to prime cells for pathological responses in an obesogenic environment, contributing to the problematic "yo-yo" effect often seen with dieting. Targeting these changes in the future could improve long-term weight management and health outcomes.
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Project description:Reducing body weight to improve metabolic health and related comorbidities is a primary goal in treating obesity. However, maintaining weight loss is a considerable challenge, especially as the body appears to retain an obesogenic memory that defends against body weight changes. Overcoming this barrier for long-term treatment success is difficult because the molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon remain largely unknown. Here, by using single-nuclei RNA-sequencing, we show that both human and mouse adipose tissue retain cellular transcriptional changes after appreciable weight loss. Furthermore, we find persistent obesity-induced alterations in the mouse adipocyte epigenome, negatively affecting their function and response to metabolic stimuli. Mice carrying this obesogenic memory show accelerated rebound weight gain, and the epigenetic memory can explain future transcriptional deregulation in adipocytes in response to further high-fat diet feeding. In summary, our findings indicate the existence of an obesogenic memory, largely based on stable epigenetic changes, in mouse adipocytes, and likely other cell types. These changes appear to prime cells for pathological responses in an obesogenic environment, contributing to the problematic "yo-yo" effect often seen with dieting. Targeting these changes in the future could improve long-term weight management and health outcomes.
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Project description:Weight loss significantly improves metabolic and cardiovascular health in people with obesity. Adipose tissue remodelling is central to these varied and important clinical effects. However surprisingly little is known about the underlying mechanisms, presenting a barrier to treatment advances. Here we report a spatially resolved single nucleus atlas (171,247 cells, 70 people) investigating the cell types, molecular events and regulatory factors that reshape human adipose tissues, and thus metabolic health, in obesity and therapeutic weight loss. We discover selective vulnerability to senescence in metabolic, precursor and vascular cells and reveal senescence is potently reversed by weight loss. We define gene regulatory mechanisms and tissue signals that may drive a degenerative cycle of senescence, tissue injury and metabolic dysfunction. We find that weight loss reduces adipocyte hypertrophy and biomechanical constraint pathways, activating global metabolic flux and bioenergetic substrate cycles that may mediate systemic improvements in metabolic health. In the immune compartment, we demonstrate that weight loss represses obesity-induced macrophage infiltration but does not completely reverse activation, leaving these cells primed to trigger potential weight regain and worsen metabolic dysfunction. Throughout, we map cells to tissue niches to understand the collective determinants of tissue injury and recovery. Overall, our complementary single nucleus and spatial datasets offer unprecedented insights into the basis of obese adipose tissue dysfunction and its reversal by weight loss, and a key resource for mechanistic and therapeutic exploration.
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