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THUMPD2 catalyzes N2-methylation on the spliceosome catalytic center of U6 snRNA and regulates pre-mRNA splicing and retina degeneration

ABSTRACT: THUMPD2 catalyzes N2-methylation on the spliceosome catalytic center of U6 snRNA and regulates pre-mRNA splicing and retina degeneration

PROVIDER: PRJNA992056 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR25177383_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR25177383_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR25177384_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR25177384_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR25177385_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Similar Datasets

THUMPD2 catalyzes N2-methylation on the spliceosome catalytic center of U6 snRNA and regulates pre-mRNA splicing and retina degeneration

Project description:How the relatively evolutionarily conserved spliceosome is able to manage the enormously expanded number of splicing events that occur in humans (~200,000 vs. ~400 reported for yeast) is not well understood. Here, we show deposition of one RNA modification-N2-methylguanosine (m2G)-on the G72 nucleoside of U6 snRNA (known to function as the catalytic center of the spliceosome) results in profoundly increased pre-mRNA splicing activity in human cells. This U6 m2G72 modification is conserved among vertebrates. Further, we demonstrate that THUMPD2 is the methyltransferase responsible for U6 m2G72 and show that it interacts with an auxiliary protein (TRMT112) to specifically recognize both sequence and structural elements of U6. THUMPD2 KO blocks U6 m2G72 and down-regulates the pre-mRNA splicing activity of major spliceosome, yielding thousands of changed alternative splicing events of endogenous pre-mRNAs. Notably, the aberrantly spliced pre-mRNA population of the THUMPD2 KO cells elicits the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway and restricts cell proliferation. We also show that THUMPD2-mediated control of the U6 m2G72 modification is associated with age-related macular degeneration and retinal function. Our study thus demonstrates how an RNA epigenetic modification of the major spliceosome differentially regulates global mRNA splicing and impacts physiology and disease.

2024-01-02 | GSE236689 | GEO

2′-O-methylation-dependent installation of N2-methylguanosine in the U6 internal stem loop facilitates efficient spliceosome assembly

Project description:The internal stem loop (ISL) of the human U6 snRNA, which catalyzes pre-mRNA splicing, contains LARP7-dependent, snoRNA-guided 2′-O-methylations and an N2-methylguanosine (m2G) that is required for splicing of weak splice sites. Here, we show that installation of m2G72 by the THUMPD2-TRMT112 methyltransferase complex is one of the last maturation events during U6 snRNP biogenesis. We dissect features of THUMPD2 required for association with U6 and present an experimentally validated model of the THUMPD2-TRMT112-U6 complex. Using in vitro methylation assays as well as a newly developed m2G-sensitive deoxyribozyme to monitor U6-m2G72 levels in cellular RNAs, we reveal that 2′-O-methylations within the U6 ISL enhance methylation of G72. We show that m2G72 and the 2′-O-methylations in U6 independently and interdependently influence alternative splicing. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that 2′-O-methylations in the ISL are required for incorporation of U6 into snRNPs whereas m2G72 influences the progression of the U6 snRNP into larger assemblies, highlighting distinct roles of these modifications during spliceosome assembly.

2026-03-12 | GSE270753 | GEO

2′-O-methylation-dependent installation of N2-methylguanosine in the U6 internal stem loop facilitates efficient spliceosome assembly

2026-03-12 | GSE270752 | GEO

2′-O-methylation-dependent installation of N2-methylguanosine in the U6 internal stem loop facilitates efficient spliceosome assembly

Project description:The internal stem loop (ISL) of the human U6 snRNA, which catalyzes pre-mRNA splicing, contains LARP7-dependent, snoRNA-guided 2?-O-methylations and an N2-methylguanosine (m2G) that is required for splicing of weak splice sites. Here, we show that installation of m2G72 by the THUMPD2-TRMT112 methyltransferase complex is one of the last maturation events during U6 snRNP biogenesis. We dissect features of THUMPD2 required for association with U6 and present an experimentally validated model of the THUMPD2-TRMT112-U6 complex. Using in vitro methylation assays as well as a newly developed m2G-sensitive deoxyribozyme to monitor U6-m2G72 levels in cellular RNAs, we reveal that 2?-O-methylations within the U6 ISL enhance methylation of G72. We show that m2G72 and the 2?-O-methylations in U6 independently and interdependently influence alternative splicing. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that 2?-O-methylations in the ISL are required for incorporation of U6 into snRNPs whereas m2G72 influences the progression of the U6 snRNP into larger assemblies, highlighting distinct roles of these modifications during spliceosome assembly.

2026-03-12 | GSE303357 | GEO

yeast U6 3' RACE

Project description:Mpn1 proteins are evolutionarily conserved exonucleases that modify spliceosomal U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) post-transcriptionally. Mutations in the human MPN1 gene are associated to the genodermatosis Clericuzio-type poikiloderma with neutropenia (PN). Mpn1 deficiency leads to aberrant U6 3M-bM-^@M-^Y end processing and accelerated U6 decay through unknown molecular mechanisms. Here we show that in mpn1M-NM-^T fission yeast cells U6 is barely bound by the protective Lsm2-8 complex, undergoes extensive oligoadenylation and is degraded by the nuclear RNA exonuclease Rrp6 independently of the poly(A) polymerase Cid14/Trf4. Mpn1 processes U6 in a spliceosome-dependent manner, as mutant U6 molecules that fail to join the spliceosome are not substrates for Mpn1. Moreover, human U6atac, the U6-like snRNA of the minor spliceosome, is a novel substrate for hMpn1. We unveil mechanistic details of a new U6 degradation pathway and further corroborate the notion that inefficient canonical and minor pre-mRNA splicing promotes PN. the 3' termini of U6 or tagged-U6 species from the indicated mutant cells were compared to wt yeast strain

2014-08-08 | E-GEOD-60195 | biostudies-arrayexpress

N2-methylguanosine modifications on human tRNAs and snRNA U6 are important for cell proliferation, protein translation and pre-mRNA splicing

Project description:Modified nucleotides in non-coding RNAs, such as tRNAs and snRNAs, represent an important layer of gene expression regulation through their ability to fine-tune mRNA maturation and translation. Dysregulation of such modifications and the enzymes installing them have been linked to various human pathologies including neurodevelopmental disorders and cancers. Several methyltransferases (MTases) are regulated allosterically by human TRMT112 (Trm112 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae), but the interactome of this regulator and targets of its interacting MTases remain incompletely characterized. Here, we have investigated the interaction network of human TRMT112 in intact cells and identify three poorly characterized putative MTases (TRMT11, THUMPD3 and THUMPD2) as direct partners. We demonstrate that these three proteins are active N2-methylguanosine (m2G) MTases and that TRMT11 and THUMPD3 methylate positions 10 and 6 of tRNAs, respectively. For THUMPD2, we discovered that it directly associates with the U6 snRNA, a core component of the catalytic spliceosome, and is required for the formation of m2G, the last “orphan” modification in U6 snRNA. Furthermore, our data reveal the combined importance of TRMT11 and THUMPD3 for optimal protein synthesis and cell proliferation as well as a role for THUMPD2 in fine-tuning pre-mRNA splicing.

2023-05-17 | GSE219260 | GEO

THUMPD2 catalyzes the N2-methylation of U6 snRNA of the spliceosome catalytic center and regulates pre-mRNA splicing and retinal degeneration.

Project description:The mechanisms by which the relatively conserved spliceosome manages the enormously large number of splicing events that occur in humans (∼200 000 versus ∼300 in yeast) are poorly understood. Here, we show deposition of one RNA modification-N2-methylguanosine (m2G) on the G72 of U6 snRNA (the catalytic center of the spliceosome) promotes efficient pre-mRNA splicing activity in human cells. This modification was identified to be conserved among vertebrates. Further, THUMPD2 was demonstrated as the methyltransferase responsible for U6 m2G72 by explicitly recognizing the U6-specific sequences and structural elements. The knock-out of THUMPD2 eliminated U6 m2G72 and impaired the pre-mRNA splicing activity, resulting in thousands of changed alternative splicing events of endogenous pre-mRNAs in human cells. Notably, the aberrantly spliced pre-mRNA population elicited the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway. We further show that THUMPD2 was associated with age-related macular degeneration and retinal function. Our study thus demonstrates how an RNA epigenetic modification of the major spliceosome regulates global pre-mRNA splicing and impacts physiology and disease.

| S-EPMC11014329 | biostudies-literature

yeast U6 3' RACE

Project description:Mpn1 proteins are evolutionarily conserved exonucleases that modify spliceosomal U6 small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) post-transcriptionally. Mutations in the human MPN1 gene are associated to the genodermatosis Clericuzio-type poikiloderma with neutropenia (PN). Mpn1 deficiency leads to aberrant U6 3’ end processing and accelerated U6 decay through unknown molecular mechanisms. Here we show that in mpn1Δ fission yeast cells U6 is barely bound by the protective Lsm2-8 complex, undergoes extensive oligoadenylation and is degraded by the nuclear RNA exonuclease Rrp6 independently of the poly(A) polymerase Cid14/Trf4. Mpn1 processes U6 in a spliceosome-dependent manner, as mutant U6 molecules that fail to join the spliceosome are not substrates for Mpn1. Moreover, human U6atac, the U6-like snRNA of the minor spliceosome, is a novel substrate for hMpn1. We unveil mechanistic details of a new U6 degradation pathway and further corroborate the notion that inefficient canonical and minor pre-mRNA splicing promotes PN.

2014-08-08 | GSE60195 | GEO

2′-O-methylation-dependent installation of N2-methylguanosine in the U6 internal stem loop facilitates efficient spliceosome assembly

Project description:2′-O-methylation-dependent installation of N2-methylguanosine in the U6 internal stem loop facilitates efficient spliceosome assembly

| PRJNA1128116 | ENA

2′-O-methylation-dependent installation of N2-methylguanosine in the U6 internal stem loop facilitates efficient spliceosome assembly

Project description:2′-O-methylation-dependent installation of N2-methylguanosine in the U6 internal stem loop facilitates efficient spliceosome assembly

| PRJNA1128119 | ENA

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