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UnknownMimicking opioid analgesia in cortical pain circuits.
The anterior cingulate cortex is a key brain region involved in the affective and motivational dimensions of pain, yet how opioid analgesics modulate this cortical circuit remains unclear. Uncovering how opioids alter nociceptive neural dynamics to produce pain relief is essential for developing saf...
S-EPMC11092437 | biostudies-literature
UnknownThe major genetic determinants of HIV-1 control affect HLA class I peptide presentation.
Infectious and inflammatory diseases have repeatedly shown strong genetic associations within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC); however, the basis for these associations remains elusive. To define host genetic effects on the outcome of a chronic viral infection, we performed genome-wide as...
S-EPMC3235490 | biostudies-literature
UnknownEmpagliflozin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial.

Background

Empagliflozin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its anti-inflammatory, metabolic, and haemodynamic effects. The RECOVERY trial aimed to assess its safety and efficacy in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.

Methods

In the randomised, cont...
S-EPMC10957483 | biostudies-literature
UnknownHigher dose corticosteroids in hospitalised COVID-19 patients requiring ventilatory support (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial.

Background

Low dose corticosteroids (e.g., 6 mg dexamethasone) have been shown to reduce mortality for hypoxic COVID-19 patients. We have previously reported that higher dose corticosteroids cause harm in patients with clinical hypoxia but not receiving ventilatory support (the combination o...
S-EPMC11872607 | biostudies-literature
UnknownBaricitinib in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial and updated meta-analysis.

Background

We aimed to evaluate the use of baricitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) 1-2 inhibitor, for the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.

Methods

This randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is asse...
S-EPMC9333998 | biostudies-literature
UnknownHigher dose corticosteroids in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 who are hypoxic but not requiring ventilatory support (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial.

Background

Low-dose corticosteroids have been shown to reduce mortality for patients with COVID-19 requiring oxygen or ventilatory support (non-invasive mechanical ventilation, invasive mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). We evaluated the use of a higher dose of ...
S-EPMC10156147 | biostudies-literature
UnknownElective surgery cancellations due to the COVID-19 pandemic: global predictive modelling to inform surgical recovery plans.

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine hospital services globally. This study estimated the total number of adult elective operations that would be cancelled worldwide during the 12 weeks of peak disruption due to COVID-19.

Methods

A global expert response study was co...
S-EPMC7272903 | biostudies-literature
UnknownPreliminary model assessing the cost-effectiveness of preoperative chlorhexidine mouthwash at reducing postoperative pneumonia among abdominal surgery patients in South Africa.

Background

Pneumonia is a common and severe complication of abdominal surgery, it is associated with increased length of hospital stay, healthcare costs, and mortality. Further, pulmonary complication rates have risen during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This study explored the potential cost-eff...
S-EPMC8360544 | biostudies-literature
UnknownValidation of the OAKS prognostic model for acute kidney injury after gastrointestinal surgery.

Background

Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of major gastrointestinal surgery with an impact on short- and long-term survival. No validated system for risk stratification exists for this patient group. This study aimed to validate externally a prognostic model...
S-EPMC8855527 | biostudies-literature
UnknownDeath following pulmonary complications of surgery before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Background

This study aimed to determine the impact of pulmonary complications on death after surgery both before and during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic.

Methods

This was a patient-level, comparative analysis of two, international prospect...
S-EPMC10364875 | biostudies-literature
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