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The human oestrogen-positive breast cancer cell line MCF7 was cultured in phenol red-free RPMI medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 10mg/ml insulin and 1nM estradiol (E2) and was referred to as wild-type MCF7. The wt-MCF7 cells were passaged weekly and medium was replenished every two to...
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens 
Understanding the complex molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to endocrine therapy is a major challenge in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers. We have previously demonstrated that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) signaling via the receptor tyros...
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens 
Microarray analyses provide a powerful approach to identify gene expression alterations following kidney transplantation. However, the heterogeneity of human kidney transplant specimens and the variation in sample preparation precludes conclusions regarding the underlying mechanisms of the observed ...
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus 
Mouse adult mammary development
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus 
Frequent somatic transfer of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genome of human cancer cells
Frequent somatic transfer of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genome of human cancer cells
Frequent somatic transfer of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genome of human cancer cells
Mitochondrial genomes are separated from the nuclear genome for most of the cell cycle by the nuclear double membrane, intervening cytoplasm and the mitochondrial double membrane. Despite these physical barriers we show that somatically acquired mitochondrial-nuclear genome fusion sequences are pres...
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