Project description:Heldt2012 - Influenza Virus Replication
The model describes the life cycle of influenza A virus in a mammalian cell including the following steps: attachment of parental virions to the cell membrane, receptor-mediated endocytosis, fusion of the virus envelope with the endosomal membrane, nuclear import of vRNPs, viral transcription and replication, translation of the structural viral proteins, nuclear export of progeny vRNPs and budding of new virions. It also explicitly accounts for the stabilization of cRNA by viral polymerases and NP and the inhibition of vRNP activity by M1 protein binding. In short, the model focuses on the molecular mechanism that controls viral transcription and replication.
This model is described in the article:
Modeling the intracellular dynamics of influenza virus replication to understand the control of viral RNA synthesis.
Heldt FS, Frensing T, Reichl U.
J Virol.
Abstract:
Influenza viruses transcribe and replicate their negative-sense RNA genome inside the nucleus of host cells via three viral RNA species. In the course of an infection, these RNAs show distinct dynamics, suggesting that differential regulation takes place. To investigate this regulation in a systematic way, we developed a mathematical model of influenza virus infection at the level of a single mammalian cell. It accounts for key steps of the viral life cycle, from virus entry to progeny virion release, while focusing in particular on the molecular mechanisms that control viral transcription and replication. We therefore explicitly consider the nuclear export of viral genome copies (vRNPs) and a recent hypothesis proposing that replicative intermediates (cRNA) are stabilized by the viral polymerase complex and the nucleoprotein (NP). Together, both mechanisms allow the model to capture a variety of published data sets at an unprecedented level of detail. Our findings provide theoretical support for an early regulation of replication by cRNA stabilization. However, they also suggest that the matrix protein 1 (M1) controls viral RNA levels in the late phase of infection as part of its role during the nuclear export of viral genome copies. Moreover, simulations show an accumulation of viral proteins and RNA toward the end of infection, indicating that transport processes or budding limits virion release. Thus, our mathematical model provides an ideal platform for a systematic and quantitative evaluation of influenza virus replication and its complex regulation.
With the current parameter set, the model reproduces an infection at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10. Figure 2A of the paper is reproduced here, with parameters kDegRnp and kSynP changed to zeros.
Initial conditions and parameter changes that were used to obtain specific figures in the article can be found in Table A2.
The model has the correct value for kAttLo as 4.55e-04. The value of this parameter mentioned as 4.55e-02 in Table 1 of the paper is incorrect. This is checked with the author.
This model is hosted on BioModels Database
and identified
by: MODEL1307270000
.
To cite BioModels Database, please use: BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource
for published quantitative kinetic models
.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public
domain worldwide. Please refer to CC0 Public Domain
Dedication
for more information.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE36461: MiRNA profiling during infection with H1N1 influenza A virus (A/Mexico/InDRE4487/H1N1/2009) GSE36462: MiRNA profiling during infection with H7N7 influenza A virus (A/Ck/Germany/R28/H7N7/2003) GSE36553: mRNA profiling during infection with H1N1 influenza A virus (A/Mexico/InDRE4487/H1N1/2009) Refer to individual Series
Project description:Our recent data indicates that SI-6 cells, which is derived from MDCK cells, possess higher yield of influenza viruses than MDCK cells after influenza virus infection. However, it is not clear why SI-6 cells show high efficiency for virus production. To reveal the molecular basis for this phenomenon, we performed iTRAQ quantitative proteome analysis between MDCK cells and SI-6 cells post infection for influenza virus.
Project description:Miao2010 - Innate and adaptive immune
responses to primary Influenza A Virus infection
This model is described in the article:
Quantifying the early immune
response and adaptive immune response kinetics in mice infected
with influenza A virus.
Miao H, Hollenbaugh JA, Zand MS,
Holden-Wiltse J, Mosmann TR, Perelson AS, Wu H, Topham DJ.
J. Virol. 2010 Jul; 84(13):
6687-6698
Abstract:
Seasonal and pandemic influenza A virus (IAV) continues to
be a public health threat. However, we lack a detailed and
quantitative understanding of the immune response kinetics to
IAV infection and which biological parameters most strongly
influence infection outcomes. To address these issues, we use
modeling approaches combined with experimental data to
quantitatively investigate the innate and adaptive immune
responses to primary IAV infection. Mathematical models were
developed to describe the dynamic interactions between target
(epithelial) cells, influenza virus, cytotoxic T lymphocytes
(CTLs), and virus-specific IgG and IgM. IAV and immune kinetic
parameters were estimated by fitting models to a large data set
obtained from primary H3N2 IAV infection of 340 mice. Prior to
a detectable virus-specific immune response (before day 5), the
estimated half-life of infected epithelial cells is
approximately 1.2 days, and the half-life of free infectious
IAV is approximately 4 h. During the adaptive immune response
(after day 5), the average half-life of infected epithelial
cells is approximately 0.5 days, and the average half-life of
free infectious virus is approximately 1.8 min. During the
adaptive phase, model fitting confirms that CD8(+) CTLs are
crucial for limiting infected cells, while virus-specific IgM
regulates free IAV levels. This may imply that CD4 T cells and
class-switched IgG antibodies are more relevant for generating
IAV-specific memory and preventing future infection via a more
rapid secondary immune response. Also, simulation studies were
performed to understand the relative contributions of
biological parameters to IAV clearance. This study provides a
basis to better understand and predict influenza virus
immunity.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
BIOMD0000000546.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
BioModels Database:
An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published
quantitative kinetic models.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
Project description:To further understand the roles of miRNA during influenza A virus infection, we performed miRNA profiling in human alveolar adenocarcinoma cell lines, A549 cells, infected with influenza A virus A/Beijing/501/2009(H1N1) and A/goose/Jilin/hb/2003(H5N1).
Project description:While a common symptom of influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is fever, its physiological role on host resistance to viral infection remains less clear. Here, we demonstrate that exposure of mice to the high ambient temperature of 36 °C increase host resistance to viral pathogens including influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). High heat-exposed mice increase basal body temperature over 38 °C to enable more bile acids production in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. The gut microbiota-derived deoxycholic acid (DCA) and its plasma membrane-bound receptor Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) signaling increase host resistance to influenza virus infection by suppressing virus replication and neutrophil-dependent tissue damage. Furthermore, the DCA and its nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist protect Syrian hamster from lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, we demonstrate that certain bile acids are reduced in the plasma of COVID-19 patients who developed moderate I/II disease compared with minor illness group. These findings uncover an unexpected mechanism by which virus-induced high fever increases host resistance to influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 in a gut microbiota-dependent manner.
Project description:While a common symptom of influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is fever, its physiological role on host resistance to viral infection remains less clear. Here, we demonstrate that exposure of mice to the high ambient temperature of 36 °C increase host resistance to viral pathogens including influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). High heat-exposed mice increase basal body temperature over 38 °C to enable more bile acids production in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. The gut microbiota-derived deoxycholic acid (DCA) and its plasma membrane-bound receptor Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) signaling increase host resistance to influenza virus infection by suppressing virus replication and neutrophil-dependent tissue damage. Furthermore, the DCA and its nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist protect Syrian hamster from lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, we demonstrate that certain bile acids are reduced in the plasma of COVID-19 patients who developed moderate I/II disease compared with minor illness group. These findings uncover an unexpected mechanism by which virus-induced high fever increases host resistance to influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 in a gut microbiota-dependent manner.
Project description:Dynamic nuclear SUMO modifications play essential roles in orchestrating cellular responses to proteotoxic stress, DNA damageand DNA virus infections. Here, we describe the host SUMOylation response to the nuclear-replicating RNA pathogen, influenz A virus. Using quantitative proteomics to compare SUMOylation responses to various stresses (including heat-shock), we reveal that influenza A virus infection causes unique re-targeting of SUMO1 and SUMO2 to a diverse range of host proteins involved in transcription, mRNA processing, RNA quality control and DNA damage repair. This global characterization of influenza virus-triggered SUMO remodeling provides a proteomic resource to understand host nuclear SUMOylation responses to infection.
Project description:The goal of this experiment was to determine gene expression changes during influenza A virus infection as the result of expression influenza virus inducible miRNAs in A549 cells. The gene expression profiling experiment was performed with 4 groups (mock infected, influenza A virus infected, influenza A virus infected in the presence of exogenous miR-141, miR-374b, miR-449b, miR-518b, and miR-1263, and influenza A virus infected in the presence of exogenous miR-147b, miR-190b, miR-199a, miR-512-5p, and miR-874 with 3 biological replicates for each group. Total RNA was purified from A549 cells that were mock infected or infected with influenza A virus (A/WSN/33, 5pfu/cell) alone or in the presence of miRNA mimics 10 hours after treatment.