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E-MTAB-8701

ABSTRACT: Atrial Myxomas Arise From Multipotent Myxoid Cardiac Stem Cells

DISEASE(S): Normal,Myxosarcoma

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-8701 | ExpressionAtlas | 2020-07-15

REPOSITORIES: ExpressionAtlas

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Project description:Multipotent adult resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs) originally were identified by the expression of c-kit, the stem cell factor receptor. However, in the adult myocardium c-kit alone distinguish CSCs from other c-kit-expressing cardiac cells because the adult heart contains a heterogeneous mixture of c-kitpos cells, mainly composed of mast and endothelial/progenitor cells. This heterogeneity of cardiac c-kitpos cells has not been considered in recent c-kit-expressing cell fate mapping publications, which have equated the contribution of the whole heterogeneous c-kitpos population to cardiomyocyte generation in adulthood, which is minimal, to that of the CSCs, a result at odds with previous publications. To shed light on this issue, we have assessed the identity, abundancy and myogenic potential of true multipotent CSCs within the total c-kitpos cardiac cell cohort. Blood lineage-committed c-kitpos cells were removed by CD45 negative sorting to obtain a CD45negc-kitpos cell population (<10% of the total c-kitpos cells), which is enriched for cells that express c-kit at low levels and possess all properties of multipotent stem/progenitor cells in vitro. These characteristics are absent from the c-kitneg and the lineage-committed c-kitpos cardiac cells. Single Linnegc-kitpos cell-derived CSC clones, representing 1-2% of total c-kitpos cells, when instructed by TGF-b/Wnt molecules, acquire full transcriptome expression, sarcomere organization, spontaneous contraction and electrophysiological properties of differentiated cardiomyocytes. Significantly, clonogenic CSCs have a potent cardio-regenerative/repair capacity in vivo after acute myocardial infarction. CSC myogenic regenerative capacity is dependent on cardiomyocyte commitment through activation of the SMAD2 pathway. Such regeneration was not apparent when freshly-isolated total c-kitpos cardiac cells were administered. In conclusion, only a very small fraction of cardiac c-kitpos cells (~1-2%) have the characteristics of multipotent CSCs but these exhibit robust myogenic properties.  

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E-MTAB-8701

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