Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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SRT1720 extends healthspan and lifespan in diet-induced obese mice

ABSTRACT: Activation of Sirt1, the mammalian homolog of an NAD+-dependent deacetylase known to modulate lifespan in lower organisms, is thought to hold promise as a strategy for delaying aging in mammals. SRT1720, a novel compound developed as a specific and potent activator of Sirt1, has shown promising effects to glucose homeostasis in short-term studies of rats and mice. Here we show SRT1720 extends both mean and maximum lifespan of mice fed a high-fat diet and has concrete benefits to health including reduced liver steatosis and increased insulin sensitivity and locomotor activity. Gene expression profiles and markers of inflammation and apoptosis were also restored to levels more reflective of standard diet controls. Furthermore, the benefits incurred by SRT1720 occurred in the absence of any observable toxicity. The current findings provide hope that safe and effective treatments may be developed to mitigate age-related diseases and enhance lifespan in humans. Male C57BL/6J mice obtained at 12 weeks of age were maintained on a standard purified mouse diet (AIN-93G) until 56 weeks of age prior to the start of the experiment. Beginning at 56 weeks of age, the SD group was fed a standard AIN-93G diet for the duration of the study. Three separate groups were placed on a high-fat diet (HFD) (AIN-93G modified by the addition of hydrogenated coconut oil to provide 60% of calories from fat) or HFD + 30mg/kg body weight SRT1720 (HFD-L) or 100mg/kg body weight SRT1720 (HFD-H) and remained on those diets throughout the study. All mice were fed ad libitum. Food intake and body weight were measured biweekly for the duration of the study.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Kevin Becker

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-19102 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Increased expression of SIRT1 extends the lifespan of lower organisms and delays the onset of age-related diseases in mammals. Here, we show that SRT2104, a synthetic small molecule activator of SIRT1, extends both mean and maximal lifespan of mice fed a standard diet. This is accompanied by improvements in health, including enhanced motor coordination, performance, bone mineral density and insulin sensitivity associated with higher mitochondrial content and decreased inflammation. Short-term SRT2104 treatment preserves bone and muscle mass in an experimental model of atrophy. These results demonstrate it is possible to design a small molecule that can slow aging and delay multiple age-related diseases in mammals, supporting the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 activators in humans. Key words: Sirtuins, lifespan, healthspan, osteoporosis, muscle wasting, inflammation Groups of 28 week old male C57BL6/J mice were maintained for the rest of their lives or until sacrifice on either an ad libitum AIN-93G SD diet, an ad libitum AIN-93G diet supplemented with SRT2104 or a caloric restricted AIN-93G diet consisting of 60% of what the ad lib animals ate. SRT2104 was added at a dose of 1.33 g drug per kg of chow, formulated to provide daily doses of approximately 100 mg drug per kg bodyweight to the mice. 5 mice from each group were selected after 41 weeks and RNA was extracted from both muscle and liver tissue using 1.0mm glass beads in a Precellys 24 Tissue Homogenizer and Qiagen RNeasy Mini Kits for Fibrous Tissue according to manufacturer's specifications. Quality and quantity of the total RNA was checked with the Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer using RNA 6000 Nano chips. RNA samples were labeled using the Illumina TotalPrep RNA Amplification Kit. In short, 0.5ug of total RNA was first converted into single-stranded cDNA with reverse transcriptase using an oligo-dT primer containing the T7 RNA polymerase promoter site and then copied to produce double-stranded cDNA molecules. The double stranded cDNA was cleaned and concentrated with the supplied columns and used in an overnight in-vitro transcription reaction where single-stranded RNA (cRNA) was generated and labeled by incorporation of biotin-16-UTP. Arrays were hybridized using a total of 0.75ug of biotin-labeled cRNA at 58 degrees C for 16 hours to Illumina's Sentrix MouseRef-8 v2 Expression BeadChips. Each BeadChip has ~24,000 well-annotated RefSeq transcripts with approximately 30-fold redundancy. The arrays were washed, blocked and the biotin labeled cRNA was detected by staining with streptavidin-Cy3. Arrays were scanned at a resolution of 0.8um using the Beadstation 500 X from Illumina and the data was extracted using the Illumina GenomeStudio software(v1.6.0). Any spots at or below the background were filtered out using an Illumina detection p value of 0.02 and above. The natural log of all remaining scores were used to find the avg and std of each array and the z-score normalization was calculated and presented below. Z-score = (raw value - avg)/std.

Project description:Cockayne syndrome (CS) is an accelerated aging disorder characterized by progressive neurodegeneration caused by mutations in the genes encoding the DNA repair proteins CSA or CSB. Csbm/m mice were given a high-fat, caloric-restricted or resveratrol-supplemented diet. The high-fat diet rescued the phenotype of Csbm/m mice at the metabolic, transcriptomic and behavioral levels. Additional analysis suggests that the premature aging seen in CS mice, nematodes and human cells results from aberrant PARP activation due to deficient DNA repair leading to decreased SIRT1 activity and mitochondrial dysfunction. Notably, Î²-hydroxybutyrate levels are increased by the high-fat diet; and Î²-hydroxybutyrate, PARP inhibition, or NAD+ supplementation can activate SIRT1 and rescue CS-associated phenotypes. Mechanistically, CSB is able to displace activated PARP1 from damaged DNA to limit its activity. This study connects two emerging longevity metabolites, Î²-hydroxybutyrate and NAD+, through the deacetylase SIRT1 and suggests possible interventions for CS. 4-month-old mice, WT and Csbm/m on a C57BL/6 background, were fed a standard AIN-93G diet (SD; carbohydrate:protein:fat ratio of 64:19:17 percent of kcal) ad libitum or at 40% CR, a SD supplemented with 100 mg/kgchow resveratrol ad libitum, or a high-fat diet ad libitum consisting of AIN-93G with 60% of calories from fat, primarily hydrogenated coconut oil (HFD; carbohydrate:protein:fat ratio of 16:23:61). Each group was on the specified diet for 8 months, after which the mice were sacrificed and the cerebellum was removed. For nicotinamide treatments, 4- or 18-month-old WT and Csbm/m mice were given daily injections of nicotinamide riboside (NR) (500 mg/kg/d, ip) or saline for one week, after which the mice were sacrificed and the cerebellum was removed. RNA was extracted from the cerebellums of all mice using Trizol, and RNA quality and quantity were tested using an Agilent 2100 BioAnalyzer with RNA 6000 nano chips. RNA was labeled using the standard Illumina protocol for Illumina TotalPrep RNA Amplification Kit. Labeled RNA was hybridized to Illumina's Sentrix MouseRef-8 v2 Expression BeadChips (Illumina, San Diego, CA) overnight and washed, stained and scanned the next day.

Project description:The prevention or delay of the onset of age-related diseases prolongs survival and improves quality of life while reducing the burden on the health care system. Activation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+ deacetylase, improves metabolism and confers protection against physiological and cognitive disturbances in old age. SRT1720 is a specific SIRT1 activator that has health and lifespan benefits in adult mice fed a highfat diet. We found extension in lifespan, delayed onset of age-related metabolic diseases, and improved general health in mice fed a standard diet after SRT1720 supplementation. Inhibition of pro-inflammatory gene expression both in the liver and muscle of SRT1720-treated animals was noted. SRT1720 lowered phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway regulators in vitro only when SIRT1 was functionally present. Combined with our previous work, the current study further supports the beneficial effects of SRT1720 on health across the lifespan in mice. Groups of 28 week old male C57BL/6J mice were maintained on ad libitum AIN-93G SD diet, or an ad libitum AIN-93G diet supplemented with SRT1720 for the rest of their lives. SRT1720 was added at a dose of 1.33 g drug per kg of chow, formulated to provide daily doses of approximately 100 mg drug per kg bodyweight to the mice. 5 mice from each group were selected and RNA was extracted from both muscle and liver tissue using 1.0mm glass beads in a Precellys 24 Tissue Homogenizer and Qiagen RNeasy Mini Kits for Fibrous Tissue according to manufacturer's specifications. Quality and quantity of the total RNA was checked with the Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer using RNA 6000 Nano chips. RNA samples were labeled using the Illumina TotalPrep RNA Amplification Kit. In short, 0.5ug of total RNA was first converted into single-stranded cDNA with reverse transcriptase using an oligo-dT primer containing the T7 RNA polymerase promoter site and then copied to produce double-stranded cDNA molecules. The double stranded cDNA was cleaned and concentrated with the supplied columns and used in an overnight in-vitro transcription reaction where single-stranded RNA (cRNA) was generated and labeled by incorporation of biotin-16-UTP. Arrays were hybridized using a total of 0.75ug of biotin-labeled cRNA at 58 degrees C for 16 hours to Illumina's Sentrix MouseRef-8 v2 Expression BeadChips. Each BeadChip has ~24,000 well-annotated RefSeq transcripts with approximately 30-fold redundancy. The arrays were washed, blocked and the biotin labeled cRNA was detected by staining with streptavidin-Cy3. Arrays were scanned at a resolution of 0.8um using the Beadstation 500 X from Illumina and the data was extracted using the Illumina GenomeStudio software(v1.6.0). Any spots at or below the background were filtered out using an Illumina detection p value of 0.02 and above. The natural log of all remaining scores were used to find the avg and std of each array and the z-score normalization was calculated and presented below. Z-score = (raw value - avg)/std.

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SRT1720 extends healthspan and lifespan in diet-induced obese mice

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