Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Immunoregulatory actions of epithelial cell PPAR g at the colonic mucosa

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g (PPAR g) is a nuclear receptor whose activation has been shown to modulate macrophage and epithelial cell-mediated inflammation. The objective of this study was to use a systems approach for investigating the mechanism by which the deletion of PPAR g in epithelial cells modulates the severity of dextran-sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, immune cell distribution and global gene expression. RESULTS: The deficiency of PPAR g in epithelial cells does not significantly affect disease activity or body weight but worsens colon histopathlogy. WT mice have greater CD4+IL10+ T cells and fewer MHC II+ macrophages in mesenteric lymph nodes. Global gene expression analysis reveals greater changes after 7 days of DSS challenge (compared to 2 days). Colonic mucosa from VC- (WT) and VC+ (PPARg knock-out in epithelial cells) mice were sampled at 0 (no DSS), 2, and 7 days of DSS-induced experimental colitis

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Amir Guri

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-20621 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Immunoregulatory actions of epithelial cell PPAR gamma at the colonic mucosa of mice with experimental inflammatory bowel disease.

Mohapatra Saroj K SK Guri Amir J AJ Climent Montse M Vives Cristina C Carbo Adria A Horne William T WT Hontecillas Raquel R Bassaganya-Riera Josep J

PloS one 20100420 4

<h4>Background</h4>Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are nuclear receptors highly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and immune cells within the gut mucosa and are implicated in modulating inflammation and immune responses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of targeted deletion of PPAR gamma in IEC on progression of experimental inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>In the first phase, PPAR gamma flfl; Villin Cre- (V ...[more]

PMID: 20422041

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Project description:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition characterized by severe intestinal inflammation and immune cell activation. The severity of the disease can be mitigated by compounds which activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), a receptor present widely in tissues involved in IBD pathogenesis. Our objective was to assess the affect of macrophage-specific deficiency of PPAR gamma on peripheral and colonic immune populations and colonic gene expression in experimental IBD. Macrophage-specific PPAR gamma-deficient mice (PPAR gamma flfl Lysozyme M Cre+) and control (PPAR gamma flfl Lysozyme M Cre-) littermates were treated with 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 7 days. Disease activity was recorded daily and immune cell populations in the blood, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and lamina propria were examined by flow cytometry. Colonic gene expression was assessed by real time PCR and microarray analyses. Our findings show that macrophage PPAR r-deficiency significantly exacerbates DSS inflammation. CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (T-regs) were significantly reduced in Cre+ mice, and MLN macrophages and CD40 expression were enhanced. There were significant differences in the number colonic macrophages between Cre+ and Cre- mice, but those from Cre+ mice expressed more CD40, Ly6C, and TLR-4. PPAR r-deficiency also increased the percent of CD8+ T cells in the lamina propria and enhanced colonic interferon gamma expression. Our findings indicate that macrophage PPAR gamma deficiency augments the severity of DSS colitis by reducing peripheral T-regs and increasing colonic macrophage activation and T cell inflammation. RNA from 3 PPAR gamma-deficient mice (PPAR gamma flfl; Lysozyme M Cre+) and 3 control (PPAR gamma flfl; Lysozyme M Cre-) littermates was processed and labeled according to the standard target labeling protocols. The samples were hybridized, stained, and scanned per standard Affymetrix protocols at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute (VBI) core laboratory on Mouse 430 2.0 expression arrays (Affymetrix Inc., Santa Clara, CA).

Project description:Here we describe our unprecedented approach in proposing parsley (PAR) as a nutraceutical intervention in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using a mouse model of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis, following a multi-integrated-omics analysis. PAR supplementation (n=7) significantly improved colon shortening and increased the disease activity index compared to the DSS group (n=7). The colonic transcriptome revealed the down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines, and the hepatic transcriptome and metabolome revealed the up-regulation of fatty acid synthesis genes, thereby improving body weight loss. Down-regulated cancer markers were observed in the hepatic transcriptome and proteome. A global plasma metabolite analysis indicated shifts in the citric cycle and urea cycle, implicating improved impaired glycolysis and oxidative stress. Our integration of three omics analyses highlighted the involvement of the methionine-recycling pathway and PARM-bM-^@M-^Ys role in decreasing the risk of IBD. This pioneering use of multi-integrated-omics in the evaluation of nutrientsM-bM-^@M-^Y effects on physiology is expected to be widely useful and informative, shaping the future of nutritional research. Here we describe our unprecedented approach in proposing parsley (PAR) as a nutraceutical intervention in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using a mouse model of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis, following a multi-integrated-omics analysis. PAR supplementation (n=7) significantly improved colon shortening and increased the disease activity index compared to the DSS group (n=7). The colonic transcriptome revealed the down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines, and the hepatic transcriptome and metabolome revealed the up-regulation of fatty acid synthesis genes, thereby improving body weight loss. Down-regulated cancer markers were observed in the hepatic transcriptome and proteome. A global plasma metabolite analysis indicated shifts in the citric cycle and urea cycle, implicating improved impaired glycolysis and oxidative stress. Our integration of three omics analyses highlighted the involvement of the methionine-recycling pathway and PARM-bM-^@M-^Ys role in decreasing the risk of IBD. This pioneering use of multi-integrated-omics in the evaluation of nutrientsM-bM-^@M-^Y effects on physiology is expected to be widely useful and informative, shaping the future of nutritional research. Total hepatic and colonic RNA from each respective group were pooled (n=7). The microarray analysis was carried as out as described by Jia et al. 8 Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array GeneChips (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) containing over 30,000 gene probe sets were used for genome-wide expression profiling.

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Project description:Histone deacetylases (Hdac) remove acetyl groups from proteins, influencing global and specific gene expression. Hdacs control inflammation, as shown by Hdac inhibitor-dependent protection from DSS-induced murine colitis. While tissue-specific Hdac knockouts show redundant and specific functions, little is known of their intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) role. We have shown previously that dual Hdac1/Hdac2 IEC-specific loss disrupts cell proliferation and determination, with decreased secretory cell numbers and altered barrier function. We thus investigated how compound Hdac1/Hdac2 or Hdac2 IEC-specific deficiency alters the inflammatory response. Floxed Hdac1 and Hdac2 and villin-Cre mice were interbred. Compound Hdac1/Hdac2 IEC-deficient mice showed chronic basal inflammation, with increased basal Disease Activity Index (DAI) and deregulated Reg gene colonic expression. DSS-treated dual Hdac1/Hdac2 IEC-deficient mice displayed increased DAI, histological score, intestinal permeability and inflammatory gene expression. In contrast to double knockouts, Hdac2 IEC-specific loss did not affect IEC determination and growth, nor result in chronic inflammation. However, Hdac2 disruption protected against DSS colitis, as shown by decreased DAI, intestinal permeability and caspase-3 cleavage. Hdac2 IEC-specific deficient mice displayed increased expression of IEC gene subsets, such as colonic antimicrobial Reg3b and Reg3g mRNAs, and decreased expression of immune cell function-related genes. Our data show that Hdac1 and Hdac2 are essential IEC homeostasis regulators. IEC-specific Hdac1 and Hdac2 may act as epigenetic sensors and transmitters of environmental cues and regulate IEC-mediated mucosal homeostatic and inflammatory responses. Different levels of IEC Hdac activity may lead to positive or negative outcomes on intestinal homeostasis during inflammation Total RNAs from the colon of three control and three Hdac2 IEC-specific knockout mice were isolated with the Rneasy kit (Qiagen, Mississauga, ON, Canada).

Dataset Information

Immunoregulatory actions of epithelial cell PPAR g at the colonic mucosa

Publications

Immunoregulatory actions of epithelial cell PPAR gamma at the colonic mucosa of mice with experimental inflammatory bowel disease.

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