Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Cell type-specific induction of mRNA in human B cells and monocytes by IFN-beta

ABSTRACT: Compared to primary human monocytes in whole blood cultures, few B cells activated STAT1 in response to stimulation of 2000 IU/ml IFN-beta for 45 minutes. Because activation of STAT1 leads to apoptosis induction, we tested the hypothesis that less pro-apoptotic genes are induced in B cells as compared to monocytes. Manuscript titled: Major differences in the responses of primary human leukocyte subsets to IFN-beta. Abstract: Treatment of cell lines with type I IFNs activates the formation of ISGF3 (STAT1/STAT2/ IRF9), which induces the expression of many genes. To study this response in primary cells, we treated fresh human blood with IFN-beta and used flow cytometry to analyze phosphorylated STATs1, 3 and 5 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, and monocytes. The activation of STAT1 was remarkably different among these leukocyte subsets. In contrast to monocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, few B cells activated STAT1 in response to IFN-beta, a finding that could not be explained by decreased levels of IFNAR2 or STAT1 or enhanced levels of SOCS1 or relevant protein tyrosine phosphatases in B cells. Micro-array and real-time PCR analyses revealed the induction of STAT1-dependent pro-apoptotic mRNAs in monocytes but not in B cells. These data show that ISGF3 or STAT1 homodimers are not the main activators of gene expression in primary B cells of healthy humans. Notably, in B cells and especially in CD4+ T cells, IFN-beta activated STAT5 in addition to STAT3, with biological effects often opposite from those driven by activated STAT1. These data help to explain why IFN-beta increases the survival of primary human B cells and CD4+ T cells, but enhances the apoptosis of monocytes, and also to understand how leukocyte subsets are differentially affected by endogenous type I IFNs during viral or bacterial infections, and by type I IFN treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis, hepatitis or cancer. Undiluted whole blood of 2 healthy individuals (HI) was used, and either stimulated with IFN-beta or left untreated (control) for 3 hrs. After 3 hrs, both B cells and monocytes were isolated from whole blood of the first healthy individual, and only B cells were isolated from whole blood of the second healthy individual.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Yaomin Xu

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-23307 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Major differences in the responses of primary human leukocyte subsets to IFN-beta.

van Boxel-Dezaire Anette H H AH Zula Joana A JA Xu Yaomin Y Ransohoff Richard M RM Jacobberger James W JW Stark George R GR

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 20101018 10

Treatment of cell lines with type I IFNs activates the formation of IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (STAT1/STAT2/IFN regulatory factor-9), which induces the expression of many genes. To study this response in primary cells, we treated fresh human blood with IFN-β and used flow cytometry to analyze phosphorylated STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, B cells, and monocytes. The activation of STAT1 was remarkably different among these leukocyte subsets. In contrast to monocytes and CD ...[more]

PMID: 20956346

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Project description:Type I Interferons (IFN-I) mediate cellular responses to virus infection. IFN-I induces IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression by phosphorylating STAT1 and STAT2, and together with interferon regulatory factor (IRF9), form the transcription complex ISGF3 that binds to the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in ISG promoters. As a component of ISGF3, it is clear that STAT2 plays an essential role in the transcriptional responses to IFN-I with a strong dependence on STAT1. Previously, we showed that STAT2 also forms homodimers that interact with IRF9 (STAT2-IRF9) to activate transcription of ISRE-containing ISGs in response to IFN-I. Indeed, evidence is accumulating for the existence of a STAT1-independent IFN-I signaling pathway, where STAT2-IRF9 can substitute the role of ISGF3. Here, we provide further insight in the transcriptional regulation and the biological implications of STAT2-IRF9 dependent IFN-I signaling. In human STAT1 KO cells overexpressing human STAT2 (U3C-STAT2), we observed that in response to IFN-I, STAT2 homodimers interact with IRF9 to regulate ISG transcription. The IFN-I-induced phosphorylation profile of STAT2 in U3C-STAT2 was prolonged as compared to WT cells (2fTGH), which corresponded with the expression pattern of OAS2 that also depended on IRF9. Subsequent microarray analysis of IFN-I treated 2fTGH and U3C-STAT2 extended our initial observations and identified more than 60 known antiviral ISGs commonly up-regulated in both cell types. The expression profile of these ISGs was delayed and prolonged in U3C-STAT2 as opposed to the early and transient response in 2fTGH. Moreover, U3C-STAT2 were able to restore an antiviral response upon EMCV and VSV infection that was comparable to the response in 2fTGH. Together, our results strongly suggest that an alternative IFN-I-mediated, STAT2-IRF9 dependent signaling pathway exists that can generate an antiviral response without STAT1 and could be beneficial for example against viruses that directly block STAT1 and impair the formation of ISGF3.

Project description:Type I Interferons (IFN-I) mediate cellular responses to virus infection. IFN-I induce IFN stimulated gene (ISG) expression by phosphorylating STAT1 and STAT2, and together with interferon regulatory factor (IRF)9, form the transcription complex ISGF3 that binds to the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in ISG promoters. As a component of ISGF3 it is clear that STAT2 plays an essential role in the transcriptional responses to IFN-I with a strong dependence on STAT1. Previously, we showed that STAT2 also forms homodimers that interact with IRF9 (STAT2-IRF9) to activate transcription of ISRE containing ISGs in response to IFN-I. Indeed, evidence is accumulating for the existence of a STAT1-independent IFN-I signaling pathway, where STAT2-IRF9 can substitute the role of ISGF3. Here, we provide further insight in the transcriptional regulation and the biological implications of STAT2-IRF9 dependent IFN-I signaling. In human STAT1 KO cells overexpressing human STAT2 (U3C-STAT2) we observed that in response to IFN-I STAT2 homodimers interact with IRF9 to regulate ISG transcription. The IFN-I-induced phosphorylation profile of STAT2 in U3C-STAT2 was prolonged as compared to WT cells (2fTGH), which corresponded with the expression pattern of OAS2 that also depended on IRF9. Subsequent microarray analysis of IFN-I treated 2fTGH and U3C-STAT2 extended our initial observations and identified more than 60 known antiviral ISGs commonly up-regulated in both cell types. The expression profile of these ISGs was delayed and prolonged in U3C-STAT2 as opposed to the early and transient response in 2fTGH. Moreover, U3C-STAT2 were able to restore an antiviral response upon EMCV and VSV infection that was comparable to the response in 2fTGH. Together, our results strongly suggest that an alternative IFN-I-mediated, STAT2-IRF9 dependent signaling pathway exists that can generate an antiviral response without STAT1 and could be beneficial for example against viruses that directly block STAT1 and impair the formation of ISGF3.

Dataset Information

Cell type-specific induction of mRNA in human B cells and monocytes by IFN-beta

Publications

Major differences in the responses of primary human leukocyte subsets to IFN-beta.

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