Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Loss of mitochondrial functions in Candida glabrata results in enhanced virulence in mice

ABSTRACT: Two C. glabrata related isolates recovered from the same patient undergoing azole therapy were characterized. The first isolate, BPY40, is azole-susceptibleand the second, BPY41, is azole-resistant. To determine whether the petite mutation conferred a selective advantage during host infection, the virulence of BPY40 and BPY41 was assessed in mice. Surprisingly, the petite mutant, even if showing in vitro growth deficiency as compared to BPY40, was more virulent than BPY40 both in intravenous and vaginal murine infection models. The increased virulence of the petite mutant correlated with a drastic gain of fitness in mice as compared to its parental isolate. Genome-wide changes in gene expression driven by the petite mutation were analyzed by microarrays. Enrichment of specific biological processes (oxido-reductive metabolism, stress response) was observed in BPY41, all consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, some genes involved in cell wall genome-wide changes in gene expression driven by the petite mutation were analyzed by microarrays. Enrichment of specific biological processes (oxido-reductive metabolism, stress response) was observed in BPY41, all consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction. Gene expression was measured in 2 related C. glabrata clinical isolates (BPY40 and BPY41). The one-color system was used . 3 independent experiments were performed using 3 biological replicate for each strain.

ORGANISM(S): Candida glabrata

SUBMITTER: Dominique Sanglard

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-23826 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Microarray was used to analyze azole resistance of Candida glabrata oropharyngeal isolates from 7 hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients receiving fluconazole prophylaxis. Transcriptional profiling of the sequential-paired clinical isolates by microarray revealed 19 genes upregulated in the majority of resistant isolates compared to their paired-susceptible isolates. All seven resistant isolates had greater than two fold upregulation of CgPDR1, a master transcriptional regulator of PDR network, and all 7 resistant isolates showed upregulation of known CgPDR1-target genes. The altered transcriptome can be explained in part by the observation that all 7 resistant isolates had acquired a single nonsynonymous mutation in their CgPDR1 ORF. Four mutations occurred in the regulatory domain (L280P, L344S, G348A, S391L) and one in the activation domain (G943S) while two mutations (N764I, R772I) occurred in an undefined region. Association of azole resistance and the CgPDR1 mutations was investigated in the same genetic background by introducing the CgPDR1 sequences from one sensitive and five resistant isolates into a laboratory azole-sensitive strain (cgpdr1) via integrative transformation. The cgpdr1 strain was restored to wild-type fluconazole susceptibility when transformed with CgPDR1 from the susceptible isolate but became resistant when transformed with CgPDR1 from the resistant isolates. However, despite the identical genetic background, upregulation of CgPDR1 and CgPDR1-target genes varied between the 5 transformants, independent of the domain locations in which the mutations occurred. In sum, gain-of-function mutations in CgPDR1 not only contributed to the clinical azole resistance but different mutations had varying degrees of impact on the CgPDR1-target genes. Seven pairs of oropharyngeal sequential isolates were chosen for study because each pair came from an individual hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient receiving fluconazole. Seven groups consisted of 5 biological replicates in which a sensitive sample was paired with a resistant sample. Each group included 1 to 2 reciprocally labeled samples.

Project description:Microarray was used to analyze azole resistance of Candida glabrata oropharyngeal isolates from 7 hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients receiving fluconazole prophylaxis. Transcriptional profiling of the sequential-paired clinical isolates by microarray revealed 19 genes upregulated in the majority of resistant isolates compared to their paired-susceptible isolates. All seven resistant isolates had greater than two fold upregulation of CgPDR1, a master transcriptional regulator of PDR network, and all 7 resistant isolates showed upregulation of known CgPDR1-target genes. The altered transcriptome can be explained in part by the observation that all 7 resistant isolates had acquired a single nonsynonymous mutation in their CgPDR1 ORF. Four mutations occurred in the regulatory domain (L280P, L344S, G348A, S391L) and one in the activation domain (G943S) while two mutations (N764I, R772I) occurred in an undefined region. Association of azole resistance and the CgPDR1 mutations was investigated in the same genetic background by introducing the CgPDR1 sequences from one sensitive and five resistant isolates into a laboratory azole-sensitive strain (cgpdr1) via integrative transformation. The cgpdr1 strain was restored to wild-type fluconazole susceptibility when transformed with CgPDR1 from the susceptible isolate but became resistant when transformed with CgPDR1 from the resistant isolates. However, despite the identical genetic background, upregulation of CgPDR1 and CgPDR1-target genes varied between the 5 transformants, independent of the domain locations in which the mutations occurred. In sum, gain-of-function mutations in CgPDR1 not only contributed to the clinical azole resistance but different mutations had varying degrees of impact on the CgPDR1-target genes. Two groups (C1S/84 and C16R/84) consisted of 4 biological replicates in which a complemented strain sample was paired with the laboratory wild type strain 84 sample. Each group included 1 reciprocally labeled sample.

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Loss of mitochondrial functions in Candida glabrata results in enhanced virulence in mice

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