Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Hippocampal gene network analysis to determine the effects of coral calcium hydride in an experimental model of accelerated senescence

ABSTRACT: Recent studies strongly support the hypothesis that antioxidant diet inhibits the pathological aging process as shown in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAM/P-8). In our previous study, we reported that a diet rich in antioxidants inhibits the pathological aging process, as shown coral calcium hydride (CCH) increased the endogenous antioxidant ability and contributed to prolonging the life-span of SAM/P-8. In order to test the hypothesis that antioxidant CCH supplementation to SAM/P-8 mice would change the gene expression and understand how CCH reverses the acceleration of aging in SAM/P-8 mice, in the current study, we used a DNA array to compare the expression levels in the hippocampus of the brains from 16-week-old SAM/P-8 mice treated or not treated with CCH. The most significant up regulated changes in the gene network of SAM/P-8 mice were free radical scavenging and molecular transport, and genes associated with cell death, cancer, and cell cycle were downregulated. Our findings about changes in these mRNA might be associated with that inhibition of the acceleration of aging is observed in SAM/P-8 mice fed a CCH-diet. Eight-week-old male SAM/P-8 and SAM/R-1 mice were assigned to two groups: the CCH-fed group (fed with CCH for 8 weeks with CE-2 (rodent diet, Clea Japan, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) containing 0.1% CCH) and the control group (fed with CE-2 for 8 weeks).

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Toshio Kojima

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-31606 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:In our previous study, we reported that a diet rich in antioxidants such as coral calcium hydride (CCH) increased the endogenous antioxidant ability in the hippocampus of rats. We conducted this study to test the hypothesis that diet supplementation with CCH would change the gene expression in rats and to understand how CCH enhances antioxidant ability. We used a DNA array to compare the expression levels in the hippocampus of rats fed with CCH for 2 weeks with those of rats fed a normal diet. Immune response-related genes were down-regulated, while nuclear respiratory factor 2 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A were up-regulated. Our findings about the changes in the mRNA levels of these genes well explain the physiological finding of enhanced antioxidant ability in rat brain. CCH was obtained from ICB, Ltd., Sendai, Japan, and coral calcium (CC) was purchased from Coralbio, Okinawa, Japan. Male Wistar rats were acquired from Kyudo, Co., Ltd. and maintained at the Experimental Animal Center of the University of Miyazaki at a controlled ambient temperature of 23 ¬¨¬± 1 ¬¨‚àûC and 50 ¬¨¬± 10% relative humidity. The Committee for Ethics on Animal Experiments, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan, reviewed and approved the experimental design. Six-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 8) were assigned to 2 groups: standard diet-fed group (CE-2, Clea Japan, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and CCH-fed group. The CCH diet was standard CE-2 feed supplemented with 0.1% CCH powder. Inhibition of accelerated aging and an increase in the in vivo antioxidant ability was observed in SAM/P-8 mice fed a diet supplemented with 0.1% CCH. In accordance with these reports, the CCH concentration used in our study was set at 0.1%.The animals were killed by cervical dislocation at the age of 8 weeks. They were decapitated and the hippocampi were removed and rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen. The hippocampi were then homogenized with a conventional rotor-stator homogenizer. Total RNA was then extracted from the tissues by using the RNeasy Lipid Tissue Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA).

Project description:Kurozu is a traditional Japanese rice vinegar. During fermentation and aging of the Kurozu liquid in an earthenware jar over 1 year, solid residue called Kurozu Moromi is produced. In the present study, we evaluated whether concentrated Kurozu or Kurozu Moromi could ameliorate cognitive dysfunction in the senescence accelerated P8 mouse. Senescence accelerated P8 mice were fed 0.25% (w/w) concentrated Kurozu or 0.5% (w/w) Kurozu Moromi for 4 or 25 weeks. Kurozu suppressed cognitive dysfunction and amyloid accumulation in the brain, while Kurozu Moromi showed a tendency to ameliorate cognitive dysfunction, but the effect was not significant. We hypothesize that concentrated Kurozu has an antioxidant effect, however, the level of lipid peroxidation in the brain did not differ in senescence accelerated P8 mice. DNA microarray analysis indicated that concentrated Kurozu increased HSPA1A mRNA expression, a protein that prevents protein misfolding and aggregation. The increase in HSPA1A expression by Kurozu was confirmed using quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblotting methods. Therefore, the suppression of amyloid accumulation by concentrated Kurozu may be associated with HSPA1A induction. However, concentrated Kurozu could not increase HSPA1A expression in mouse primary neurons, suggesting it may not directly affect neurons. Ten-times concentrated Kurozu (CK) was made from Kurozu liquid (Sakamoto Kurozu, Fukuyama, Kagoshima, Japan) by repeated vacuum distillation. The CK diet included 0.25% (w/w) CK in CE-2 basic rodent diet (Nihon CLEA, Tokyo, Japan). Senescence resistance (R1) and senescence accelerated P8 (P8) mice were purchased from Japan SLC (Shizuoka, Japan). Mice were housed at 25Â±2Â°C with 55Â±10% humidity on a 12-h light/dark cycle (lighting time 08:00-20:00). All mice were housed in independent cages and had free access to food and water. All procedures were compliant with the guidelines of the Kagoshima University Animal Ethics Committee (A10030). Ten-week old R1 mice (n=16) were fed a control CE2 diet and P8 mice were divided into three groups as follows: control CE2 diet group (n=9), KM diet group (n=9) or CK diet group (n=9). Feeding of the experimental diet started from 12 weeks of age until sacrificed. All mice were sacrificed under anesthesia at 17 weeks old (4 months old). The left side of the hippocampus region was excised from brains of 4 mice selected at random in each group, and then subjected to microarray analysis.

Project description:A diet rich in nucleic acids and protamin protein, termed as nucleoprotein (NP), has been attracting a great deal of attention in food science for its beneficial effects. In the present study, we performed a global gene expression profiling in mice fed with NP diet rich in nucleoproteins from the salmon testis. Since our recent research has revealed anti-inflammatory effect of the NP diet, we induced inflammation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection in the mice for this analysis study. Mice were fed with NP diet for 4 weeks followed by a single injection of LPS. The liver and spleen were removed 6 h post-LPS injection. Total RNA extracted from livers (L) and spleens (S) was pooled in each group (control and NP diet), prior to DNA microarray analysis (Agilent mouse whole genome 4 x 44K). Results revealed 322 & 702 up (>1.5 fold)- and down (<0.75 fold)-regulated genes in the liver, and 325 & 501 up- and down-regulated genes in the spleen, respectively following NP diet. Analysis of genes related to inflammation suggests increased activity of immune function during acute period of LPS injection, which may contribute to early demise of inflammation. NP diet can be expected to be useful for inhibition of inflammatory reactions whose over-accumulation is thought to be related to the acceleration of aging process. To investigate the effect of NP, we added S-nuclegen® at a concentration of 1.2% into CLEA basic purified diet (CLEA JAPAN, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) known to include nucleic acids (NAs) at much lower amounts than standard diet. By HPLC analysis CLEA basic purified diet (low NP), and 1.2% NP diet included 0.03%, and 0.5% NAs, respectively. Male C57BL/6J mice (7 weeks) were fed with NP diet for 4 weeks followed by a single injection of LPS at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The liver and spleen were removed 6 h post-LPS injection. Total RNA extracted from livers and spleens was pooled in each group (control and NP diet), prior to DNA microarray analysis (Agilent mouse whole genome 4 x 44K).

Project description:To elucidate the effect of the polyphenols contained in alcoholic beverages on the metabolic stress induced by ethanol consumption, four groups of mice were fed for five weeks on Lieber's diet with or without ethanol, with ethanol plus ellagic acid, and with ethanol plus trans-resveratrol. Alcoholic fatty liver was observed in the group fed the ethanol diet but not in those fed the ethanol plus polyphenol diets. Liver transcriptome analysis revealed that the addition of the polyphenols suppressed the expression of the genes related to cell stress that were up-regulated by ethanol alone. Conversely, the polyphenols up-regulated the genes involved in bile acid synthesis, unsaturated fatty acid elongation, and tetrahydrofolate synthesis that were down-regulated by ethanol alone. Because parts of these genes were known to be regulated by the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), we performed the same experiment in the CAR-deficient mice. As a result, fatty liver was observed not only in the ethanol group but also with the ethanol plus polyphenol groups. In addition, there was no segregation of the gene expression profiles among these groups. These results provide a molecular basis for the prevention of alcohol-induced stress by the polyphenols in alcoholic beverages. Five-week-old C3H/HeN female mice (CLEA, Japan) were acclimated to the maintenance condition (25Â°C, 8:00-20:00 day / 20:00-8:00 night cycle and 35~40 % humidity), fed a CE-2 diet (CLEA, Japan), and given water ad libitum for one week. Each group of mice (n=4 for wild type mice analysis and n=3 for CAR decficient mice analysis) was fed Lieber's isocaloric diet (Oriental yeast, Japan) containing water, containing ethanol, containing ethanol and ellagic acid (Fluka Biochemika, Switzerland), or containing ethanol and trans-resveratrol (Sigma, USA) (Supplementary Table 1) for one week at 10:00 ad libitum. Then, the mice were fed each diet at 12 g / day for four weeks (Supplementary Fig. 1A). The approximate intake of each polyphenol was 50 mg / kg body weight / day. At 10:00 of the final day of the experimental period, the animals were anesthetized by diethyl ether, sacrificed by cervial fracture, and the heart blood, and the liver were collected.

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Hippocampal gene network analysis to determine the effects of coral calcium hydride in an experimental model of accelerated senescence

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