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Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Gene expression analysis of pluripotent and differentiated genes during EB formation treated with streptozotocin, o-glacnacylation inhibitor

ABSTRACT: O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has emerged as a critical regulator of diverse cellular processes, but its role in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and pluripotency has not been investigated. Here we show that O-GlcNAcylation directly regulates core components of the pluripotency network. Blocking O-GlcNAcylation disrupts ESC self-renewal and reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells. The core reprogramming factors Oct4 and Sox2 are O-GlcNAcylated in ESCs, but the O-GlcNAc modification is rapidly removed upon differentiation. O-GlcNAc modification of Threonine 228 in Oct4 regulates Oct4 transcriptional activity and is important for inducing many pluripotency related genes, including Klf2, Klf5, Nr5a2, Tbx3 and Tcl1. A T228A point mutation that eliminates this O-GlcNAc modification reduces the capacity of Oct4 to maintain ESC self-renewal and reprogram somatic cells. Overall, our study makes a direct connection between O-GlcNAcylation of key regulatory transcription factors and the activity of the pluripotency network. 2 of E14 stem cell, 2 of embryonic body at day 2, 2 of embryonic body at day 2 treated with streptozotocin, 1 of ZHBTc4 stem cell treated with doxicyclin, and 1 of ZHBTc4 stem cell treated with doxicyclin and streptozotocin were analysed

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Taewan Kim

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-36322 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Gene expression analysis of pluripotent and differentiated genes during EB formation treated with streptozotocin, o-glacnacylation inhibitor

Project description:O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has emerged as a critical regulator of diverse cellular processes, but its role in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and pluripotency has not been investigated. Here we show that O-GlcNAcylation directly regulates core components of the pluripotency network. Blocking O-GlcNAcylation disrupts ESC self-renewal and reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells. The core reprogramming factors Oct4 and Sox2 are O-GlcNAcylated in ESCs, but the O-GlcNAc modification is rapidly removed upon differentiation. O-GlcNAc modification of Threonine 228 in Oct4 regulates Oct4 transcriptional activity and is important for inducing many pluripotency related genes, including Klf2, Klf5, Nr5a2, Tbx3 and Tcl1. A T228A point mutation that eliminates this O-GlcNAc modification reduces the capacity of Oct4 to maintain ESC self-renewal and reprogram somatic cells. Overall, our study makes a direct connection between O-GlcNAcylation of key regulatory transcription factors and the activity of the pluripotency network.

2012-07-06 | GSE36322 | GEO

SOX2 O-GlcNAcylation alters its protein-protein interactions and genomic occupancy to modulate gene expression in pluripotent cells [array]

Project description:The transcription factor SOX2 is central in establishing and maintaining pluripotency. The processes that modulate SOX2 activity to promote pluripotency are not well understood. Here, we show SOX2 is O-GlcNAc modified in its transactivation domain during reprogramming and in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Upon induction of differentiation SOX2 O-GlcNAcylation at serine 248 is decreased. Replacing wild type with an O-GlcNAc-deficient SOX2 (S248A) increases reprogramming efficiency. ESCs with O-GlcNAc-deficient SOX2 exhibit alterations in gene expression. This change correlates with altered protein-protein interactions and genomic occupancy of the O-GlcNAc-deficient SOX2 compared to wild type. In addition, SOX2 O-GlcNAcylation impairs the SOX2-PARP1 interaction, which has been shown to regulate ESC self-renewal. These findings show that SOX2 activity is modulated by O-GlcNAc modification, and provide a novel regulatory mechanism for this crucial pluripotency transcription factor.

2016-03-07 | GSE69593 | GEO

SOX2 O-GlcNAcylation alters its protein-protein interactions and genomic occupancy to modulate gene expression in pluripotent cells[ChIP-seq]

2016-03-07 | GSE69592 | GEO

ChIP Seq of Oct4, Nanog, H3K27me3 in Oct4+/+ and Oct4 +/- mES cells

Project description:Embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency is governed by a gene regulatory network centred on the transcription factors Oct4 and Nanog. ESCs fluctuate between states of high and low Nanog expression that direct efficient or inefficient self-renewal. To date, robust self-renewing ESC states have only been attained by chemical inhibition of signalling pathways or enforced transgene expression. Here we show that ESCs expressing a reduced range of Oct4 concentrations, typified by Oct4 heterozygous ESCs exhibit stable robust pluripotency. Despite this reduced Oct4 concentration range, this state is characterised by increased genome-wide binding of Oct4, particularly at pluripotency-associated enhancers, homogeneous expression of pluripotency transcription factors, enhanced self-renewal efficiency and delayed differentiation kinetics. In this state, ESCs exhibit increased wnt expression, enhanced LIF-sensitivity, non-responsiveness to FGF signalling and can clonally maintain pluripotency without BMP but remain dependent upon LIF. Robust pluripotency is destabilised either by alteration of the Oct4 level or by removal of LIF. Our findings suggest that robust pluripotency originates from cells with a reduced Oct4 protein concentration and that the wild-type Oct4 range enables effective differentiation.

2013-05-07 | E-MTAB-1617 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transient Pairing of Homologous Oct4 Alleles Accompanies the Onset of Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

Project description:The relationship between chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation is an area of intense investigation. We have characterized the spatial relationships between alleles of the Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog genes in single cells during the earliest stages of mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation and during embryonic development. We describe homologous pairing of the Oct4 alleles during ESC differentiation and embryogenesis, and present evidence that pairing is correlated with the kinetics of ESC differentiation. Importantly, we identify critical DNA elements within the Oct4 promoter/enhancer region that mediate pairing of Oct4 alleles. Finally, we show that mutation of OCT4/SOX2 binding sites within this region abolishes inter-chromosomal interactions and affects accumulation of the repressive H3K9me2 modification at the Oct4 enhancer. Our findings demonstrate that chromatin organization and transcriptional programs are intimately connected in ESCs, and that the dynamic positioning of the Oct4 alleles is associated with the transition from pluripotency to lineage specification. Examination of chromatin contacts between Oct4 alleles using PE-4Cseq

2015-02-03 | E-GEOD-65510 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide maps of O-GlcNAc-Oct4 binding regions in ZHBTc4 F-Oct4 mouse embryonic stem cells

Project description:We report that Oct4 is modified by O-GlcNAc in stem cells. To find O-GlcNAc-Oct4 target genes, we ChIPed Oct4 with Flag(Oct4) antibody and then O-GlcNAc modified proteins are enriched by sWGA beads (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin (sWGA), which specifically binds O-GlcNAc). Results show that several genes implicated in pluripotency regulation are bound by O-GlcNAc-Oct4 in their gene region. 2 samples examined: Control (ChIP with anti-Flag(Oct4) and then reChIP with IgG), O-GlcNAc-Oct4 (ChIP with anti-Flag (Oct4) and then reChIP with sWGA)

2012-08-27 | E-GEOD-36388 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide maps of O-GlcNAc-Oct4 binding regions in ZHBTc4 F-Oct4 mouse embryonic stem cells

2012-08-27 | GSE36388 | GEO

OCT4 IP-MS in Naive and Primed Human ESCs

Project description:Understanding the molecular underpinnings of pluripotency is a prerequisite for optimal maintenance and application of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). While the protein-protein interactions of core pluripotency factors have been identified in mouse ESCs, their interactome in human ESCs (hESCs) has not to date been explored. Here we mapped the OCT4 interactomes in naïve and primed hESCs, revealing extensive connections to mammalian ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling complexes.

2021-09-12 | PXD026556 | Pride

Systematic Identification of Defined Conditions for Induction and Maintenance of Naive Human Pluripotency [expression]

Project description:Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) of mice and humans have distinct molecular and biological characteristics, raising the question whether an earlier ‘naive’ state of pluripotency may exist in humans. Here we took a systematic approach to identify small molecules that support autonomous self-renewal of naive human ESCs based on maintenance of endogenous OCT4 distal enhancer activity, a molecular signature of ground state pluripotency. Iterative chemical screening identified a combination of five kinase inhibitors that induces and maintains OCT4 distal enhancer activity when applied directly to conventional human ESCs. These inhibitors generate a homogeneous population of human pluripotent stem cells in which transcription factors associated with the ground state of pluripotency are highly upregulated. Comparison with previously reported naive human ESCs indicates that our kinase inhibitor cocktail captures a novel pluripotent state in humans that closely resembles mouse ESCs. Expression analysis was performed on two groups of human ESC samples: WIBR2 (P12 and P14), WIBR3 (P9) and WIN1 (P10) human ESCs derived in our optimized naive medium (5i/L/A or 6i/L/A, as indicated), and parental WIBR2 and WIBR3 human ESCs in primed human ESC medium.

2014-07-16 | E-GEOD-59430 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A balanced Oct4 protein interaction network is crucial for maintaining pluripotency

Project description:Oct4 is considered a master transcription factor for pluripotent cell self-renewal and embryo development. It primarily collaborates with other transcriptional factors or coregulators to maintain pluripotency. However, it is still unclear how Oct4 interacts with its partners. Here, we show that the Oct4 linker interface mediates competing and balanced Oct4 protein interactions which are crucial for maintaining pluripotency. Linker mutant ESCs maintain the key pluripotency genes expression, but show decreased expression of self-renewal genes and increased expression of differentiation genes which result in impaired ESCs self-renewal and early embryonic lethality. Linker mutation dose not affect Oct4 genomic binding and transactivation potential, but breaks the balanced Oct4 interactome. In mutant ESCs, the interaction between Oct4 and Klf5 was decreased, but interactions between Oct4 and Cbx1, Ctr9, Cdc73 were increased which disrupt the epigenetic state of ESCs. Overexpression of Klf5 or knockdown Cbx1, Cdc73 rescue the cellular phenotype of linker mutant ESCs by rebalancing Oct4 interactome indicating that different partners interact with Oct4 competitively. Thus, by showing how Oct4 interacts with different partners, we provide novel molecular insights to explain how Oct4 contributes to the maintenance of pluripotency.

2021-12-10 | PXD017456 | Pride

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