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A modified lung allograft renal capsule model to investigate the differentiation of lung epithelial cells from murine embryonic stem cells

ABSTRACT: Analysis of epithelial type cell formation with mouse embyronic stem cells following 11 days of differentiation using the small molcule IDE2 as well as FGF2 and FGF10 growth factors. Up-regulation of selected lung epithelial genes will provide evidence as to whether these IDE2-based differentiation protocols result in a higher yield of alveolar-epithelial type cells. Total RNA was isolated following 11 days of differentiation in culture using IDE2 with or without FGF2 or FGF 10. Undifferentiated embryonic stem cells were taken as a control

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Todd Jensen

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-40426 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:GABAergic interneurons are lost in conditions including epilepsy and CNS injury, but there are few culture models available to study their function. Towards the goal of obtaining renewable sources of GABAergic neurons, we used the molecular profile of a functionally-incomplete GABAergic precursor clone to screen 17 new clones isolated from GFP+ rat E14.5 cortex and ganglionic eminence (GE) that were generated by viral introduction of v-myc. The clones grow as neurospheres in medium with FGF2, and after withdrawal of FGF2 they exhibit varying patterns of differentiation. Transcriptional profiling and qPCR indicated that one clone (GE6) expresses high levels of mRNAs encoding Dlx1, 2, 5 and 6, glutamate decarboxylases, and presynaptic proteins including neuropeptide Y and somatostatin. Protein expression confirmed that GE6 is a progenitor with restricted differentiation giving rise mostly to neurons with GABAergic markers. In co-cultures with hippocampal neurons, GE6 neurons became electrically excitable and received both inhibitory and excitatory synapses. After withdrawal of FGF2 in cultures of GE6 alone, neurons matured to express BetaIII-tubulin, and staining for synaptophysin and vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT) were robust after 1-2 weeks of differentiation. GE6 neurons also became electrically excitable and displayed synaptic activity, but synaptic currents were carried by chloride and were blocked by bicuculline. The results suggest that the GE6 clone, which is ventrally derived from the GE, resembles GABAergic interneuron progenitors that migrate into the developing forebrain. This is the first report of a relatively stable fetal clone that can be differentiated into GABAergic interneurons with functional synapses. The purpose was to compare differentiation patterns of several different immortalized rat neural progenitor clones to identify early stages in differentiation. The cell clones studies were: GE6 (GABAergic neuronal precursor), GE2 (non-neuronal precursor, CTX8 (multipotential precursor), L2.2 (interneuronal precursor), and L2.3 (multipotential precursor). Five rat neural precursor cell clones were compared at three different time points following FGF2 withdrawal, which triggers differentiation. Three sister culture replicates were performed for each cell clone and time point, yielding 45 samples. One microarray failed so we have 44 microarray results in the dataset.