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Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Evolutionary conservation of the eumetazoan gene regulatory landscape

ABSTRACT: Bilaterian animals differ from other metazoans in their apparent bilateral symmetry and the development of a third germ layer. Both might have facilitated the evolution of the diverse and complex bilaterian body plans. The first cnidarian genome sequence revealed that despite their morphological simplicity, this sister group to all bilaterians shares an immense genomic complexity with vertebrates. This suggested that it might have been the complexity of gene regulation which increased during the evolution of bilaterians. We compared the gene regulatory landscape of cnidarians and bilaterians. To this end we generated the first genome-wide prediction of gene regulatory elements and profiled five epigenetic marks in a non-bilaterian animal, the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. We found that the location of chromatin modifications relative to genes and distal enhancers is conserved among eumetazoans. Surprisingly, the genomic landscape of gene regulatory elements is highly similar between Nematostella and bilaterian model organisms. This suggests that complex regulation of developmental gene expression evolved in eumetazoans without a major increase in complexity in bilaterians. ChIP-seq of p300, RNA Pol2, and five histone modifications in Nematostella vectensis.

ORGANISM(S): Nematostella vectensis

SUBMITTER: Michaela Schwaiger

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-46488 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Evolutionary conservation of the eumetazoan gene regulatory landscape

Project description:Bilaterian animals differ from other metazoans in their apparent bilateral symmetry and the development of a third germ layer. Both might have facilitated the evolution of the diverse and complex bilaterian body plans. The first cnidarian genome sequence revealed that despite their morphological simplicity, this sister group to all bilaterians shares an immense genomic complexity with vertebrates. This suggested that it might have been the complexity of gene regulation which increased during the evolution of bilaterians. We compared the gene regulatory landscape of cnidarians and bilaterians. To this end we generated the first genome-wide prediction of gene regulatory elements and profiled five epigenetic marks in a non-bilaterian animal, the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. We found that the location of chromatin modifications relative to genes and distal enhancers is conserved among eumetazoans. Surprisingly, the genomic landscape of gene regulatory elements is highly similar between Nematostella and bilaterian model organisms. This suggests that complex regulation of developmental gene expression evolved in eumetazoans without a major increase in complexity in bilaterians.

2013-12-02 | GSE46488 | GEO

Post transcriptional modifications of miRNAs in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis

Project description:MicroRNAs of bilaterian animals undergo posttranscriptional modifications such as methylation, tailing and trimming that regulate miRNA stability and function. To gain insight on the evolution of miRNA posttranscriptional modification, we studied regulation of miRNA stability by methylation in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, a representative of Cnidaria, the sister group of Bilateria.

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Graded FGF activity patterns distinct cell types within the apical sensory organ of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis

Project description:Bilaterian animals have evolved complex sensory organs comprised of distinct cell types that function coordinately to sense the environment. Each sensory unit has a defined architecture built from component cell types, including sensory cells, non-sensory support cells, and dedicated sensory neurons. Whether this characteristic cellular composition is present in the sensory organs of non-bilaterian animals is unknown. Here, we interrogate the cell type composition and gene regulatory networks controlling development of the larval apical sensory organ in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Using single cell RNA sequencing and imaging approaches, we reveal two unique cell types in the Nematostella apical sensory organ, GABAergic sensory cells and a putative non-sensory support cell population. Further, we identify the paired-like (PRD) homeodomain gene prd146 as a specific sensory cell marker and show that Prd146+ sensory cells become post-mitotic after gastrulation. Genetic loss of function approaches show that Prd146 is essential for apical sensory organ development. Using a candidate gene knockdown approach, we place prd146 downstream of FGF signaling in the apical sensory organ gene regulatory network. Further, we demonstrate that an aboral FGF activity gradient coordinately regulates the specification of both sensory and support cells. Collectively, these experiments define the genetic basis for apical sensory organ development in a non-bilaterian animal and reveal an unanticipated degree of complexity in a prototypic sensory structure.

2024-04-01 | GSE213278 | GEO

Canonical nucleosome organization at promoters forms during genome activation

Project description:The position of nucleosomes influences DNA accessibility to DNA-binding proteins. Genome-wide nucleosome profiles often report the observation of a canonical nucleosome organization at gene promoters where arrays of well-positioned nucleosomes emanate from nucleosome-depleted regions. It is unclear how this canonical promoter nucleosome organization forms and how it is related to transcription activation and the establishment of histone marks during development. Here we report the genome-wide organization of nucleosomes during zebrafish embryogenesis and show that well-positioned nucleosome arrays appear in thousands of promoters during the activation of the zygotic genome. The formation of canonical promoter nucleosome organization cannot be explained by DNA sequence preference, and is independent of transcription and the presence of RNA polymerase II, but strongly correlates with the presence of Histone H3 Lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3). Our study further suggests that promoter nucleosome structure primes genes to future transcription activation. Together, this study reveals that genome activation but not transcription underlies the organization of nucleosome arrays during early embryogenesis. MNase-seq to generate nucleosome organization in two stages of zebrafish development; two biological replicates for each stage. 7 ChIP-seq experiments in three stages.

2013-10-18 | E-GEOD-44269 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Spatial transcriptomics reveals a conserved segment polarity program that governs muscle patterning in Nematostella vectensis

Project description:During early animal evolution, the emergence of axially-polarized segments was central to the diversification of complex bilaterian body plans. Nevertheless, precisely how and when segment polarity pathways arose remains obscure. Here we demonstrate the molecular basis for segment polarization in developing larvae of the pre-bilaterian sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Utilizing spatial transcriptomics, we first constructed a 3-D gene expression atlas of developing larval segments. Capitalizing on accurate in silico predictions, we identified Lbx and Uncx, conserved homeodomain-containing genes that occupy opposing subsegmental domains under the control of both BMP signaling and the Hox-Gbx cascade. Functionally, Lbx mutagenesis eliminated all molecular evidence of segment polarization at larval stage and resulted in an aberrant mirror-symmetric pattern of retractor muscles in primary polyps. These results demonstrate the molecular basis for segment polarity in a pre-bilaterian animal, suggesting that polarized metameric structures were present in the Cnidaria-Bilateria common ancestor over 600 million years ago.

2023-06-12 | GSE173786 | GEO

Geographical temperature stress in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis

Project description:Gene expression of Nematostella vectensis from 5 different locations under chronic (30 day) temperature stress

2020-01-24 | GSE144104 | GEO

Impact of antibiotics, cell-free supernatant, LPS, and live cells on Nematostella vectensis gene expression

Project description:We used bacteria isolated from field samples of Nematostella vectensis to quantify gene expression through comparisons of transcriptomes.

2021-02-20 | GSE167114 | GEO

ACME dissociation: a versatile cell fixation-dissociation method for single-cell transcriptomics

Project description:We performed single-cell transcriptome analysis (using 10x genomics 3' scRNA-seq v3.1 chemistry) in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis (Cnidaria).

2021-04-01 | GSE166977 | GEO

Chromatin signature of embryonic pluripotency is established during zygotic genome activation [Danio rerio]

Project description:[PROJECT] After fertilization the embryonic genome is inactive until transcription is initiated during the maternal-zygotic transition (MZT). This universal process coincides with the formation of pluripotent cells, which in mammals can be used to generate embryonic stem (ES) cells. To study the changes in chromatin structure that accompany zygotic genome activation and pluripotency, we mapped the genomic locations of histone H3 modifications before and after MZT in zebrafish embryos. Repressive H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and activating H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) are only detected after MZT. H3K4me3 marks more than 80% of genes, including many developmental regulatory genes that are also occupied by H3K27me3. Sequential chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrates that both methylation marks occupy the same promoter regions, revealing that the bivalent chromatin domains found in cultured ES cells also exist in embryos. In addition, we find a large group of genes that are monovalently marked by H3K4me3 but not H3K27me3. These H3K4me3 monovalent genes are neither expressed nor stably bound by RNA polymerase II. Closer inspection of in vitro data sets reveals similar monovalent H3K4me3 domains in ES cells. The analysis of an inducible transgene indicates that H3K4me3 domains can form in the absence of sequence-specific transcriptional activators or stable association with RNA pol II. These results suggest that bivalent and monovalent domains might poise embryonic genes for activation and that the chromatin profile associated with pluripotency is established during MZT. [SAMPLES] ChIPchip analysis of histone modifications (H3K4me3, H3K27me3, H3K36me3) and RNA polymerase II in pre MZT (256-cell) and post MZT (4hpf; dome/30% epiboly) wt zebrafish embryos. H3K4me3, H3K27me3, H3K36me3 and PolII ChIP-chip at 256 cell stage (one replicate) and 4hpf (dome/30% epiboly) (two replicates)

2010-01-25 | E-GEOD-20023 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The chromatin-regulating CoREST complex is animal specific and essential for development in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis

Project description:Using the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis as a model for early branching metazoans, we show that CoREST is an animal-specific protein that assembles a conserved histone-modifying complex including Lsd1 and HDAC1/2. We further show that the Nematostella complex is similar in composition to vertebrates.

2022-08-08 | PXD033068 | Pride

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