Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Differential Roles of ERM-NM-1 and ERM-NM-2 in Normal and Neoplastic Development in the Mouse Mammary Gland

ABSTRACT: The present experiments were performed to determine the roles of estrogen receptors M-NM-1 and M-NM-2 (ERM-NM-1 and ERM-NM-2) in normal and neoplastic development in the mouse mammary gland. In wild-type mice, in vivo administration of estradiol (E) + progesterone (P) stimulated mammary ductal growth and alveolar differentiation. Mammary glands from mice in which the ERM-NM-2 gene has been deleted (M-NM-2ERKO mice) demonstrated normal ductal growth and differentiation in response to E + P. By contrast, mammary glands from mice in which the ERM-NM-1 gene has been deleted (M-NM-1ERKO mice) demonstrated only rudimentary ductal structures that did not differentiate in response to E + P. EGF demonstrates estrogen-like activity in the mammary glands of M-NM-1ERKO mice: treatment of M-NM-1ERKO mice with EGF + P (without E) supported normal mammary gland development, induced expression of progesterone receptor (PR), and increased levels of G- protein-coupled receptor (GPR30) protein. Mammary gland development in M-NM-2ERKO mice treated with EGF + P was comparable to that of wild-type mice receiving EGF + P; EGF had no statistically significant effects on the induction of PR or expression of GPR30 in mammary glands harvested from either wild-type mice or M-NM-2ERKO mice. In vitro exposure of mammary glands to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced preneoplastic mammary alveolar lesions (MAL) in glands from wild-type mice and M-NM-2ERKO mice, but failed to induce MAL in mammary glands from M-NM-1ERKO mice. Microarray analysis of DMBA-treated mammary glands identified 28 functional pathways whose expression was significantly different in M-NM-1ERKO mice versus both M-NM-2ERKO and wild-type mice; key functions that were differentially expressed in M-NM-1ERKO mice included cell division, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. The data demonstrate distinct roles for ERM-NM-1 and ERM-NM-2 in normal and neoplastic development in the mouse mammary gland, and suggest that EGF can mimic the ERM-NM-1-mediated effects of E in this organ. Gene expression of mammary gland organ culture and DMBA-induced lesions from 4 mouse strains.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Michael Falduto

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-62451 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Identify gene expression changes in the absence of Plk2 Disruptions in polarity and mitotic spindle orientation contribute to the progression and evolution of tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating these processes in vivo. Here we demonstrate that Polo-like kinase 2 (Plk2) regulates mitotic spindle orientation in the mammary gland and is a putative tumor suppressor. Plk2 is highly expressed in the mammary gland and is required for proper mammary gland development. Loss of Plk2 leads to increased mammary epithelial cell proliferation and ductal hyperbranching. Additionally a novel role for Plk2 in regulating the orientation of the mitotic spindle and maintaining proper cell polarity in the ductal epithelium was discovered. In support of a tumor suppressor function for Plk2, loss of Plk2 increased the formation of lesions in multiparous glands. Collectively, these results demonstrate a novel role for Plk2 in regulating mammary gland development and as a tumor suppressor in mammary tumorigenesis. Disruptions in polarity and mitotic spindle orientation contribute to the progression and evolution of tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating these processes in vivo. Here we demonstrate that Polo-like kinase 2 (Plk2) regulates mitotic spindle orientation in the mammary gland and is a putative tumor suppressor. Plk2 is highly expressed in the mammary gland and is required for proper mammary gland development. Loss of Plk2 leads to increased mammary epithelial cell proliferation and ductal hyperbranching. Additionally a novel role for Plk2 in regulating the orientation of the mitotic spindle and maintaining proper cell polarity in the ductal epithelium was discovered. In support of a tumor suppressor function for Plk2, loss of Plk2 increased the formation of lesions in multiparous glands. Collectively, these results demonstrate a novel role for Plk2 in regulating mammary gland development and as a tumor suppressor in mammary tumorigenesis. Comparison between Plk2 +/+ (n=3) and Plk2 -/- (n=3) mouse mammary epithelial cells

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Differential Roles of ERM-NM-1 and ERM-NM-2 in Normal and Neoplastic Development in the Mouse Mammary Gland

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