Rhizoctonia solani AG8 infection of wheat seedling roots
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Rhizoctonia solani is a nectrotrophic fungal pathogen that causes billions of dollars of damage to agriculture worldwide and infects a broad host range including wheat, rice, potato and legumes. In this study we identify wheat genes that are differentially expressed in response to the R. solani isolate, AG8-1, using microarray technology. A significant number of wheat genes identified in this screen were involved in ROS production and redox regulation. Levels of ROS species were increased in wheat root tissue following R. solani infection as determined by NBT, DAB and titanium sulphate measurements/stainings. Pathogen/ROS related genes from R. solani were also tested for expression patterns upon wheat infection. TmpL, a R. solani gene homologous to a gene associated with ROS regulation in Alternaria brassicicola, and OAH, a R. solani gene homologous to oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase which has been shown to produce oxalic acid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, were highly induced in R.solani when infecting wheat. We speculate that the wheat germin-like protein (GLP) is induced to inactivate the oxalic acid that is produced by the R. solani OAH. infected vs mock-infected seedlings, 3 biological replicates
Project description:Rhizoctonia solani is a nectrotrophic fungal pathogen that causes billions of dollars of damage to agriculture worldwide and infects a broad host range including wheat, rice, potato and legumes. In this study we identify wheat genes that are differentially expressed in response to the R. solani isolate, AG8-1, using microarray technology. A significant number of wheat genes identified in this screen were involved in ROS production and redox regulation. Levels of ROS species were increased in wheat root tissue following R. solani infection as determined by NBT, DAB and titanium sulphate measurements/stainings. Pathogen/ROS related genes from R. solani were also tested for expression patterns upon wheat infection. TmpL, a R. solani gene homologous to a gene associated with ROS regulation in Alternaria brassicicola, and OAH, a R. solani gene homologous to oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase which has been shown to produce oxalic acid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, were highly induced in R.solani when infecting wheat. We speculate that the wheat germin-like protein (GLP) is induced to inactivate the oxalic acid that is produced by the R. solani OAH.
Project description:Wheat (Triticum ssp.) is one of the most important human food sources as well as livestock feed, but is very sensitive to changes in temperature. Specifically, processes during leaf growth and photosynthesis and during flower and seed development are affected by high temperature. While this has been investigated to some extent on physiological, developmental and molecular levels, very little is known about early signalling associated with an increase in temperature. Here, we probed the impact of an increase in temperature for 1 hour on the leaf and flower phosphoproteome of wheat. In order to identify differentially phosphorylated peptides, we used two wheat proteome databases, and could show the superiority of the new IWGSC genome. Our analyses of the leaf phosphoproteome further revealed differential phosphorylation of heat shock proteins, Photosystem I subunits, and plasma membrane intrinsic proteins, in addition to a number of potentially novel players.
Project description:Wheat is the staple food of over 35% of the world’s population, accounts for 20% of all human calories, and its yield and quality improvement is a focus in the effort to meet new demands from population growth and changing diets. As the complexity of the wheat genome is unravelled, determining how it is used to build the protein machinery of wheat plants is a key next step in explaining detailed aspects of wheat growth and development. The specific functions of wheat organs during vegetative development and the role of metabolism, protein degradation and remobilisation in driving grain production are the foundations of crop performance and have recently become accessible through studies of the wheat proteome. With the aim of creating a resource complementary to current genome sequencing and assembly projects and to aid researchers in the specific analysis and measurement of wheat proteins of interest, we present a large scale, publicly accessible database of identified peptides and proteins derived from the proteome mapping of Triticum aestivum. This current dataset consists of twenty four organ and developmental samples in an online interactive resource allowing the selection, comparison and retrieval of proteomic data with rich biochemical annotation derived from multiple sources. Tissue specific sub-proteomes and ubiquitously expressed markers of the wheat proteome are identified alongside hierarchical assessment of protein functional classes and their presence in different tissues. The impact of wheat’s polyploid genome on proteome analysis and the effect on defining gene specific and protein family relationships is accounted for in the organisation of the data. The dataset will serve as a vehicle to build, refine and deposit confirmed targeted proteomic assays for wheat proteins and protein families to assess function.
Project description:We undertook a time course analysis of gene expression between mock (non)-inoculated and pathogen (Puccinia triticinia)-infected wheat samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq).
Project description:To reveal the differences between soft wheat and hard wheat proteomes, three hard wheat varieties (MY26, GX3, and ZM1) with different puroindoline-encoding genes were compared with a soft wheat variety (CM605) with the wild-type puroindoline genotype. Specifically, proteomic methods (TMT) were used to screen for differentially abundant proteins (DAPs).
Project description:Rhizoctonia solani is an important root infecting pathogen of a range of food staples worldwide including wheat, rice, maize, soybean, potato and others. Conventional resistance breeding strategies are hindered by the absence of tractable genetic resistance in any crop host. Understanding the biology and pathogenicity mechanisms of this fungus is important for addressing these disease issues however, little is known about how R. solani causes disease. This study capitalises on recent genomic studies by applying mass spectrometry based proteomics to identify soluble, membrane-bound and culture filtrate proteins produced under wheat infection and vegetative growth conditions. Many of the proteins found in the culture filtrate had predicted functions relating to modification of the plant cell wall, a major activity required for pathogenesis on the plant host, including a number found only under infection conditions. Other infection related proteins included a high proportion of proteins with redox associated functions and many novel proteins without functional classification.
Project description:In order to reveal the molecular physiological damage mechanism of kidney induced by oxalic acid, single cell sequencing was performed on the kidney of mice with control group and oxalic acid induced acute kidney injury.
Project description:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma carcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease and ranks as the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Neobractatin (NBT), a natural compound derived from Garcinia bracteate, has shown great antitumor effects and has been identified as a regulator of pyroptosis in esophageal cancer cells. The effectiveness of combining NBT with the common targeted drug trametinib in inhibiting PDAC and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of combining NBT with trametinib in PDAC.
Project description:Priestia endophytica FH5, which was isolated from healthy tomato rhizosphere soil, had biological activity against a variety of plant diseases, including R. solani. We isolated the chemicals generated by strain FH5 to better understand the interaction between strain FH5 and R. solani. A transcriptome study of strain FH5 with and without R. solani exposure was also performed. In response to the fungal pathogen R. solani, strain FH5 changed genes linked to amino acid transport, carbohydrate transport, energy generation and conversion, and inorganic ion transport and metabolism, according to our findings.
Project description:Rhizoctonia solani is an economically important soil-borne necrotrophic fungal pathogen, with a broad host range and for which little effective resistance exists in crop plants. Arabidopsis is resistant to the R. solani AG8 isolate but susceptible to R. solani AG2-1. Affymetrix microarray analysis was performed to determine genes that are affected in common and specifically by AG8 and AG2-1.