Transcription profiling of human umbilical vein endothelial cells responses to Candida albicans hyphae and blastospores
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ABSTRACT: We perform microarray analysis of HUVECs upon stimulation with virulent wildtype C. albicans strain SC5314 or its efg1/efg1 cph1/cph1 hyphal-deficient derivative strain CAN34 to compare the gene expression profiles elicited from HUVECs in response to these strains. In addition, these responses are compared to that of TNF-alpha induced responses to determine which responses are Candida-specific. Experiment Overall Design: HUVECs are co-cultured for 3 or 8 hours in M199 medium alone or with CAN34, SC5314, or TNF-alpha. Total RNA is isolated, cRNA is synthesized and labeled, and labeled cRNA is hybridized onto Affymetrix chips. Each Candida and TNF sample is compared to its corresponding medium alone sample to determine fold changes in expression at each time point.
Project description:In a whole-transcriptome study, cellular responses of DCs confronted with the fungi A. fumigatus, C. albicans or the bacterial cell wall component LPS were investigated. Therefore DCs of four independent donors were harvested after 6 and 12 hours co-culture with A. fumigatus, C. albicans and LPS and analyzed with Affymetrix whole genome expression arrays. In general, transcriptomic analysis revealed a clustering of the A. fumigatus and C. albicans stimulated DCs. However, LPS and fungi-dependent gene expression showed more common similarities compared to the untreated control. Stimulation with LPS induced a differential regulation of 2793 and 2863 genes after 6 /12h, while confrontation with A. fumigatus and C. albicans resulted in 743/1076 and 1729/974 differentially regulated genes, respectively. Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) was identified as the only transcription factor that was down-regulated in DCs by both fungi but induced by stimulation with LPS. Human DCs were generated from 4 independent, healthy blood donors. moDCs were either left untreated or co-cultivated with Aspergillus fumigatus 46645 germ tubes or Candida albicans SC5314 (MOI1) and or LPS (1µg/ml) for 6h.
Project description:Neutrophils are one of the first responders to infection and are a key component of the innate immune system through their ability to phagocytose and kill invading pathogens, secrete antimicrobial molecules and produce extracellular traps. Neutrophils are produced in the bone marrow, circulate within the blood and upon immune challenge migrate to the site of infection. We wanted to understand whether this transition shapes the mouse neutrophil protein landscape, how the mouse neutrophil proteome is impacted by systemic infection and perform a comparative analysis of human and mouse neutrophils. Using quantitative mass spectrometry we reveal tissue-specific, infection-induced and species-specific neutrophil protein signatures. We show a high degree of proteomic conservation between mouse bone marrow, blood and peritoneal neutrophils, but also identify key differences in the molecules that these cells express for sensing and responding to their environment. Systemic infection triggers a change in the bone marrow neutrophil population with considerable impact on the core machinery for protein synthesis and DNA replication along with environmental sensors. We also reveal profound differences in mouse and human blood neutrophils, particularly their granule contents and their receptor repertoires. Our proteomics data provides a valuable resource for understanding neutrophil function and phenotypes across species and model systems.
Project description:This study assessed the development of disseminated candidiasis within Galleria mellonella larvae and characterised the proteomic responses of Candida albicans to larval hemolymph. Infection of larvae with an inoculum of 1 × 106 yeast cell reduced larval viability 24 (53.33 ± 3.33%), 48 (33.33 ± 3.33%) and 72 (6.66 ± 3.33%) hour post infection. C. albicans infection quickly disseminated from the site of inoculation and the presence of yeast and hyphal forms were found in nodules extracted from infected larvae at 6 and 24 hours. A range of proteins secreted during infection of G. mellonella were detected in larval hemolymph and these were enriched for biological processes such as interaction with host and pathogenesis. The candicidal activity of hemolymph after immediate incubation of yeast cells resulted in a decrease in yeast cell viability (0.23 ± 0.03 × 106, p < 0.05) as compared to control (0.99 ± 0.01 × 106). extracellular (in vivo) proteome of C. albicans in larval hemolymph were assessed. C. albicans responds to incubation in hemolymph ex vivo by the induction of an oxidative stress response, a decrease in proteins associated with protein synthesis and an increase in glycolytic proteins.
Project description:Gene expression profiling studies were performed at various times using a defined in vitro endothelial cell invasion assay system. Total RNA from invading cells was isolated at 0, 6, 12 and 18 hours and subjected to microarray analyses.
Project description:We examine how different transcriptional network structures can evolve from an ancestral network. We show that regulatory protein modularity, conversion of one cis-regulatory sequence to another, distribution of binding energy among protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions, and exploitation of ancestral network features all contribute to the evolution of a novel mode of regulation at a conserved gene set. The formation of this derived mode of regulation did not disrupt the ancestral mode and thereby created a hybrid regulatory state where both means of transcription regulation (ancestral and derived) contribute to the conserved expression pattern of the network. Finally, we show how this hybrid regulatory state has resolved in different ways in different lineages to generate the diversity of regulatory network structures observed in modern species. Six samples were analyzed, three of which were controls and three of which were experimental
Project description:Time courses of gene expression profiles of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) during infection with piliated and adherent wild-type (WT), frpC/frpA-deficient mutant, or the non-adherent (?pilD) Neisseria meningitidis MC58 bacteria defective in production of the type IV pilus, were analyzed respectively. Total RNA isolated from uninfected HUVEC (reference) and HUVEC after 1, 4 or 6 hours of infection with N. meningitidis mutants was labeled according to standard Affymetrix protocol and hybridized to HG-U133A GeneChips. Data were analyzed by Robust Multi-array Analysis algorithm. For every condition at least two biological replicates were analyzed, totally representing 23 Affymetrix GeneChips.
Project description:We compared the gene expression stimulated with fungal extracts from Aspergillus (A.) fumigatus, Alternaria (A.) alternata, or Penicillium (P.) notatum in NCI-H292 (a human bronchial epithelial cell line) to search Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM)-related genes. We identified a mucin-related MUC5AC gene, the expression of which was selectively induced by A. fumigatus. Total RNA from NCI-H292 cells stimulated for 24 h with the A. fumigatus, A. alternata, or P. notatum fungi extracts was extracted and subjected to microarray analysis. Each experiments were perfomed once for each stimulus.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of Candida albicans comparing SDH2 deletion mutant cells with the wild-type cells in both Spider medium and Spider medium supplemented with 100mM glucose The SDH2 deletion mutant sdh2Î/Î and the wild-type strain SC5314 were used to perform the microarray experiments. Two-condition experiments: sdh2Î/Î vs SC5314 in Spider midium and sdh2Î/Î vs SC5314 in Spider midium supplemented with 100mM glucose. Biological replicates: 3 SDH2 deletion mutant sdh2Î/Î samples (test group), 3 wild-type strain SC5314 samples (control group), independently grown and harvested. One replicate per array.
Project description:RNA sequencing was performed on Candida albicans clinical isolates that display normal (isolates: 3560, 3605, 3609, 4108, 4259) or aberrant (isolates: 3534, 3544, 3621, 3636, 4036) beta-glucan masking in response to lactate and hypoxia. Each clinical isolate was grown to exponential phase in GYNB under normoxic conditions and then exposed for 5 h to: (a) 1% lactate; (b) 0% lactate control; (c) hypoxia; or (d) normoxic control. Three independent experiments were performed for each clinical isolate.