P38a MAPK regulates adult muscle stem cell fate by restricting progenitor proliferation during postnatal growth and repair
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ABSTRACT: We have employed genome-wide transcriptome analysis to characterise the changes in expression that occur between resting and regenerating muscle, and the influence p38-alpha has on these expression profiles.
Project description:Worldwide increases in obese and elderly populations synergistically enhance the incidence of sarcopenia. Accumulation of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is considered to be a major problem whereby obesity leads to sarcopenic obesity and thus is a promising target for treating this emerging pathological condition. However, while sarcopenic obesity-associated IMAT is suggested to be originated from PDGFRα+ mesenchymal progenitors, processes of their adipogenesis remain largely unexplored. Here we investigated intracellular changes associated with these processes using scRNA-Seq analysis.
Project description:Tibialis anterior muscle was damaged by cardiotoxin injection and macrophage subsets were isolated and analyzed by gene expression analysis. We used microarray to obtain global gene expression data of muscle-derived tissue macrophage subsets. Tissue macrophages were collected from regenerating muscle samples, Gr1+/Cx3cr1low and Gr1-/Cx3cr1high macrophage subsets were sorted. The global gene expression patterns of distinct macrophage subsets were analyzed on Affymetrix microarrays.
Project description:Muscle injury was elicited by cardiotoxin injection into the tibialis anterior muscle. Macrophages were isolated 2 days post-injury from the regenerating muscle. We used microarray to obtain global gene expression data of muscle-derived tissue macrophage subsets. Tissue macrophages were collected from regenerating muscle samples of three animals, Ly6C+ F4/80low and Ly6C- F4/80high macrophage subsets were sorted. The global gene expression patterns of distinct macrophage subsets were analyzed on Affymetrix microarrays.
Project description:Muscle injury was elicited by cardiotoxin injection into the tibialis anterior muscle. Macrophages were isolated 2 days post-injury from the regenerating muscle. We used microarray to obtain global gene expression data of muscle-derived tissue macrophage subsets. Tissue macrophages were collected from regenerating muscle samples of three animals, Ly6C+ F4/80low and Ly6C- F4/80high macrophage subsets were sorted. The global gene expression patterns of distinct macrophage subsets were analyzed on Affymetrix microarrays.
Project description:The influence of the extracellular matrix (ECM) within the stem cell niche remains poorly understood. We found that Syndecan-4 (Sdc4) and Frizzled-7 (Fzd7) form a coreceptor complex in satellite cells and that binding of the ECM glycoprotein Fibronectin (FN) to Sdc4 stimulates the ability of Wnt7a to induce the symmetric expansion of satellite stem cells. Newly activated satellite cells dynamically remodel their niche via transient high-level expression of FN. Knockdown of FN in prospectively isolated satellite cells severely impaired their ability to repopulate the satellite cell niche. Conversely, in vivo overexpression of FN with Wnt7a dramatically stimulated the expansion of satellite stem cells in regenerating muscle. Therefore, activating satellite cells remodel their niche through autologous expression of FN that provides feedback to stimulate Wnt7a signaling through the Fzd7/Sdc4 coreceptor complex. Thus, FN and Wnt7a together regulate the homeostatic levels of satellite stem cells and satellite myogenic cells during regenerative myogenesis. The data set contains one microarray of pooled quiescent skeletal muscle satellite cells
Project description:Temporal expression profiling was utilized to define transcriptional regulatory pathways in vivo in a mouse muscle regeneration model. Potential downstream targets of MyoD were identified by temporal expression, promoter data base mining, and gel shift assays; Slug and calpain 6 were identified as novel MyoD targets. Slug, a member of the snail/slug family of zinc finger transcriptional repressors critical for mesoderm/ectoderm development, was further shown to be a downstream target by using promoter/reporter constructs and demonstration of defective muscle regeneration in Slug null mice.
Project description:BackgroundExcessive osteoclast activation is an important cause of imbalanced bone remodeling that leads to pathological bone destruction. This is a clear feature of many osteolytic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and osteolysis around prostheses. Because many natural compounds have therapeutic potential for treating these diseases by suppressing osteoclast formation and function, we hypothesized that α-mangostin, a natural compound isolated from mangosteen, might be a promising treatment as it exhibits anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cardioprotective effects.MethodsWe evaluated the therapeutic effect of α-mangostin on the processes of osteoclast formation and bone resorption. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) induces osteoclast formation in vitro, and potential pathways of α-mangostin to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and function were explored. A mouse model of lipopolysaccharide-induced calvarial osteolysis was established. Subsequently, micro-computed tomography and histological assays were used to evaluate the effect of α-mangostin in preventing inflammatory osteolysis.ResultsWe found that α-mangostin could inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and reduced osteoclast-related gene expression in vitro. F-actin ring immunofluorescence and resorption pit assays indicated that α-mangostin also inhibited osteoclast functions. It achieved these effects by disrupting the activation of NF-κB/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Our in vivo data revealed that α-mangostin could protect mouse calvarial bone from osteolysis.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that α-mangostin can inhibit osteoclastogenesis both in vitro and in vivo and may be a potential option for treating osteoclast-related diseases.
Project description:This experiment aims at comparing the transcriptomic profiles of two subpopulations of fetal human cardiac fibroblasts (HCF) defined by their relative expression of VCAM1. VCAM1-positive and VCAM1-negative populations were isolated from commercial fetal HCF by MACS against VCAM1. The RNA-seq procedure was outsourced to GENEWIZ (South Plainfield, NJ, USA), and subsequent analysis was performed in-house. Briefly, total mRNA was captured using the NEBNext Poly(A) mRNA Magnetic Isolation Module, and the library was constructed with the NEBNext Ultra RNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina. Sequencing was realized on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 System.
Project description:The aim of the experiment is to compare the effect of two different calcineurin A isoforms on skeletal muscle in uninjured mice and during skeletal muscle regeneration (after cardiotoxin injection). The transgenic mice express CnAbeta1 or CnAalpha under the control of the myosin light chain promoter and enhancer.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of mouse skeletal muscle-derived cells comparing satellite cells with PDGFRa+ cells. Satellite cells and PDGFRa+ cells were directly isolated from diaphragm of dystrophic mdx mouse by FACS. Two-condition experiment, satellite cells vs. PDGFRa+ cells. Freshly isolated. One replicate per array.