RNA-seq of rat microglia, mouse neurons and human astrocytes in co-culture, both in control conditions and challenged with LPS.
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ABSTRACT: We investigated non-cell-autonomously regulated gene expression in microglia, neurons and astrocytes by co-culturing these cell types (derived from different mammalian species) together, and then separating the RNA-seq reads from each cell type/species in silico.
Project description:We investigated non-cell-autonomous regulation of gene expression in microglia by neurons and astrocytes, by co-culturing these cell types (derived from different mammalian species) together, and then separating the RNA-seq reads from each cell type/species in silico. This submission forms a companion to the data in E-MTAB-5987. We investigated non-cell-autonomously regulated gene expression in microglia by co-culturing these cell types (derived from different mammalian species) together, and then separating the RNA-seq reads from each cell type/species in silico.
Project description:Microglia, brain resident macrophages, require instruction from the central nervous system microenvironment to maintain their identity, morphology, and to regulate inflammatory responses. We investigated the heterogeneity of response of microglia to the presence of neurons and astrocytes by performing single-cell sequencing of microglia in both monoculture, and in coculture with neurons and astrocytes.
Project description:Neurons induce a dramatic transformation in developing astrocytes, causing them to develop a complex stellate morphology resembling their appearance in vivo. However, the transcriptional changes that accompany this transformation are not known, nor are the signalling mechanisms responsible. Similarly, whether synaptic activity controls astrocytic gene expression and whether this leads to altered astrocytic function is unclear. This experiment seeks to investigate this non-cell-autonomously regulated gene expression by co-culturing astrocytes and neurons derived from closely related species (mouse and rat), and separating RNA-seq reads derived from each cell type in silico, thus shedding light on the signalling mechanisms underlying neuron-to-astrocyte communication and the functional consequences for astrocytes.
Project description:Secondary injury causes death and dependence after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). We found that myelomononuclear Nrf2 is active and protective after ICH in mice. To investigate the roles of myelomononuclear Nrf2 in modulating cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous responses to the oxidative and inflammatory consequences of ICH we developed an in vitro system of co-cultures of primary mouse microglia, human astrocytes and rat neurons and performed RNA-seq, subsequently performing in-silico separation of read data into separate species, and thus separate cell types. Cultures were treated with blood clot condition media (CCM), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and Nrf2-activating drug CDDO-TFEA, and experiments were performed using wild-type mouse microglia, and microglia from mice with global Nrf2 deletion.
Project description:This datased was used to obtain a genome-wide expression signature for the early response of mouse motor neurons to mutant SOD1 astrocytes conditioned media. Neurons, far from living in isolation, are surrounded by a host of other neuronal and non-neuronal cells, such as astrocytes. The latter entertain complex functional interactions with neighboring neurons, which, under normal conditions, are important for the their well-being. In pathological situations, however, altered astrocyte behavior may contribute to the demise of neighboring neurons. Such non-cell autonomous pathogenic scenario is increasingly considered in a variety of disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most frequent adult-onset paralytic disorder. Assembly and interrogation of gene regulatory models has helped elucidate causal mechanisms responsible for the presentation of several tumor-related phenotypes. To systematically elucidate the effectors of neurodegeneration in a model of ALS, we first developed techniques for the efficient purification of motor neurons (MNs), the primary target of ALS neurodegenerative process. We then generated gene expression profiles to fully characterize the critical timepoints associated with initiation and commitment of MN degenerative progression in an in vitro murine mutant SOD1 (mSOD1) model of ALS. ES cells were derived from transgenic Hlxb9-GFP1Tmj mice expressing eGFP and CD2 driven by the mouse HB9 promoter. These cells were then differentiated into motor neurons (ES-MN) as described previously [PMID 12176325] ES-MN were exposed to non-transgenic (NTg), G93A mutant SOD1 (mSOD1) or wtSOD1 over-expression astrocytes conditioned media for 0 days (time zero control), 1 day, and 3 days. Total RNA was extracted and profiled by RNAseq.
Project description:Primary mixed glial cultures were prepared from dissociated cerebral cortices of Sprague-Dawley rats at postnatal day 1 to 3 and glial populations were isolated by sequential rotary shaking procedures using well-established protocols. Cultured cells were exposed to 1 micromol dexamethasone for 24hours prior to RNA isolation. Control samples were exposed to equal volume of carrier. For each cell type, RNA samples from four cultures were dispatched to Source Bioscience UK Ltd. (Nottingham) for processing and hybridisation. RNA integrity was determined using the Bioanalyzer (Agilent) and the three RNA samples with the highest quality per condition were selected for microarray analysis. 750ng of processed cRNA was hybridised to Illumina RatRef-12 bead chips.
Project description:The generation of myelinating cells in the central nervous system (CNS) requires the initiation of specific gene-expression programs in oligodendrocytes. We reasoned that miRNAs could play an important role in this process by regulating critical developmental genes. Microarray profiling of cultured oligodendrocytes identifies the miR-17~92 family of miRNA cluster as highly enriched miRNAs in oligodendrocytes.We specifically deleted the miR-17~92 cluster in oligodendrocytes using the 2´3´-cyclic nucleotide 3´-phosphodiesterase (CNP)-Cre mice. Absence of miR-17~92 leads to a reduction of oligodendrocyte number in vivo and we find that the expression of these miRNAs in primary cultures of oligodendrocytes promotes cell proliferation by influencing Akt signalling. Together, these results suggest that the miRNA pathway is essential in determining oligodendroglial cell number and that the miR-17~92 cluster is crucial in this process. miRNA microarray profiling was used for the identification of miRNAs enriched in oligodendrocytes. Total RNA lysates from primary oligodendroctes compared to primary astrocytes were analysed regarding their miRNA levels. Three independent samples for each of the two cell types were used. The study was initially designed with a comparison of oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia. However, only the comparison of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes is discussed in the present study.
Project description:The generation of myelinating cells in the central nervous system (CNS) requires the initiation of specific gene-expression programs in oligodendrocytes. We reasoned that miRNAs could play an important role in this process by regulating critical developmental genes. Microarray profiling of cultured oligodendrocytes identifies the miR-17~92 family of miRNA cluster as highly enriched miRNAs in oligodendrocytes.We specifically deleted the miR-17~92 cluster in oligodendrocytes using the 2´3´-cyclic nucleotide 3´-phosphodiesterase (CNP)-Cre mice. Absence of miR-17~92 leads to a reduction of oligodendrocyte number in vivo and we find that the expression of these miRNAs in primary cultures of oligodendrocytes promotes cell proliferation by influencing Akt signalling. Together, these results suggest that the miRNA pathway is essential in determining oligodendroglial cell number and that the miR-17~92 cluster is crucial in this process. Transcriptome microarray profiling was used for the identification of mRNAs enriched in oligodendrocytes. Total RNA lysates from primary oligodendroctes compared to primary astrocytes were analysed regarding their mRNA levels. Three independent samples for each of the two cell types were used. The study was initially designed with a comparison of oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia. However, only the comparison of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes is discussed in the present study.
Project description:Fibrillar α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is the principal component of Lewy bodies which are evident in individuals affected by Parkinson disease (PD). This neuropathologic form of α-Syn contributes to PD progression and propagation of exogeneous α-Syn between neurons has been demonstrated. In order to identify proteins interacting with extracellularly applied α-syn assemblies (either oligomeric or fibrillar α -syn) and identify in particular plasma membrane proteins exposed extracellularly, we exposed pure-neuronal cultures to oligomeric and fibrillar α-syn for 10 min, pulled down the complex, and identified the associated proteins using a proteomic-based approach. Using pull-down of whole cell lysates and MS, we have identified proteins interacting with extracellularly applied α-syn in three different conditions. Each condition consisted in three experimental replicates of cells exposed 10 min to α-syn assemblies and the non-treated cells used as controls.