Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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RNA-seq analysis of several in vitro models of hepatocyte function: Project 4 of Open Targets - Epigenomes of Cell Lines

ABSTRACT: The aim of this experiment was to characterize the gene expression of several in vitro cellular models of hepatocyte function: primary hepatocytes and common immortalized liver cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B and Huh7), cultured in parallel in both 2D and 3D configurations. Two independent cultures were carried out for each of the cell lines. For primary cultures, cells were obtained from three independent donors and cultured in parallel in both conditions. For the 2D culture, cell lines were grown using standard culture methods and harvested sub-confluence in exponential growth phase. For the 2D culture of primary hepatocytes, cells were grown in sandwich configuration between two layers of extracellular matrix (collagen coated plates and medium containing 0.25mg/ml Matrigel) and harvested at day 9 post seeding. For 3D cultures, cells were seeded at 1500 cells per well in ultra-low adherence multi-well plates to facilitate cellular aggregation and spheroid formation. Cell line spheroids aggregated rapidly and were harvested 4-5 days post seeding. Primary cell spheroids formed more slowly and were harvested 14-17 days post seeding. This RNA-seq experiment is being carried out as part of the Open Targets project to identify a gene expression signature of common immortalized cell lines/models. This signature will be used in combination with data from ChIP-seq experiments from the same cell lines against primary cells and tissues. The overall aim of the Open Targets Cell Line Epigenome project is to establish a systematic approach for the determination of human biological and disease relevance through the generation of transcriptomic and epigenomic data in cell lines of interest. Comparison of cell line mRNA expression and epigenome data with existing and newly generated reference data from human tissue and cell types will identify assay systems that will provide greater confidence in translating target biology and compound pharmacology to patients.

INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina HiSeq 2500

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Aidan MacNamara

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-6870 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:The development of more complex but reliable systems for compound testing in a pharmaceutical context is a challenging task to date. Three-dimensional (3D), organ mimetic cell culture is aiming to become an alternative to common two-dimensional (2D) cell culture or animal testing in that field. We developed a biocompatible 3D cell culture environment for a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model that enables cellular maintenance in a polycarbonate scaffold structure. Albumin, regarded as a differentiation marker, was elevated in statically 3D cultivated HepG2 cells. Expression of HCC tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was reduced compared to immunofluorescence stainings of 2D cultivated cells. Remarkably, expression of cytokeratin and pathophysiologically relevant beta-1 integrin (ITGB1) was found enhanced in nonperfused 3D cell culture. Changes in gene expression induced by the 3D cultivation environment were investigated using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Our findings revealed involvement of the insulin growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway in upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and ITGB1. The experimental data indicate a more differentiated state in 3D cultivated HepG2 cells than in the respective 2D experiments. Hence, scaffold-supported 3D cultivation of HepG2 cells may lead to a gain of information valuable for both drug testing and cancer research. HepG2 cells were cultivated for five days under 2D and 3D statical and perfused conditions. Cultivation was started with 0.25x10^6 cells in 2D and with 1x10^6 vital cells for the 3D experiments. The day of seeding was defined as d0. The groups were classified as follows: 2D, i.e., monolayer cultures, 3D, i.e., statical 3D cultures and BR, which denotes perfused 3D culture of HepG2 cells. The perfusable bioreactor system was operated using a peristaltic pump. It houses the MatriGrid, a polycarbonate-based microporous cellular support. For 3D static cultivation, cell-inoculated MatriGrids were placed in wells of a 24-well plate. Microarray experiments of three 2D (i.e., control), three 3D statically and three actively perfused 3D cultivations were performed at SIRS-Lab GmbH (SIRS-Lab GmbH, Jena, Germany) according to the manufacturer's instructions (Illumina, San Diego, CA). Altogether, 9 RNA samples of hepatocyte cultures and an internal control RNA were hybridized on two HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChips.

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RNA-seq analysis of several in vitro models of hepatocyte function: Project 4 of Open Targets - Epigenomes of Cell Lines

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