Dataset Information

The Effects of Postmortem Time on Muscle Trout Biochemical Composition and Structure.

ABSTRACT: Fish industry operators have to process fish that arrive at various postmortem times. Postmortem time constrains processing and impacts product quality, safety, and economic value. The objective identification of biomarkers is desirable to predict the postmortem day of aging and this requires a comprehensive longitudinal characterisation of postmortem aging. We analysed the postmortem aging process in trout over a 15-day window. Quantitative physicochemical measurements (pH, colour, texture, a_w, proteolysis, and myofibrillar protein solubility) performed on the same fish over time revealed the levels of protein denaturation, solubility, and pH, among other parameters, change very little when assessed by conventional chemical methods. Histological analyses were performed on thin sections and revealed fibre ruptures after 7 days of storage on ice. Ultrastructures were observed by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and revealed that sarcomere disorganisation occurred more often after 7 days of storage. Label-free FTIR micro-spectroscopy combined with a SVM model accurately predicted the postmortem time. Spectra-based PC-DA models also enable the identification of biomarkers corresponding to Day 7 and Day 15 postmortem. This study provides insights on postmortem aging and raises prospects for the rapid assessment of trout's freshness status from label-free imaging.

SUBMITTER: Germond A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10217499 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Effects of Postmortem Time on Muscle Trout Biochemical Composition and Structure.

Germond Arno A Vénien Annie A Ravel Christine C Castulovich Brayan B Rouel Jacques J Hutin Morgane M Mezelli Sara S Lefin Sandy S Mirade Pierre-Sylvain PS Astruc Thierry T

Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 20230511 10

Fish industry operators have to process fish that arrive at various postmortem times. Postmortem time constrains processing and impacts product quality, safety, and economic value. The objective identification of biomarkers is desirable to predict the postmortem day of aging and this requires a comprehensive longitudinal characterisation of postmortem aging. We analysed the postmortem aging process in trout over a 15-day window. Quantitative physicochemical measuremen ...[more]

PMID: 37238775

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Project description:BackgroundRunning has been widely recognized as a beneficial activity for improving physical fitness, but it can also increase the risk of running-related injuries (RRIs). This study aims to assess the impact of long-term running on the structural and biochemical composition of the knee.MethodsThis study recruited a total of 32 participants, including 16 male recreational runners, aged 28-49 years, with a running experience of 2-7 years, and 16 matched sedentary controls. Magnetic resonance (MR) scans of T2* mapping and three-dimensional double-echo steady-state (3D-DESS) were performed on all participants. The volumes, thickness, and T2* values of joint articular cartilage were obtained via automatic segmentation software.ResultsCompared with the sedentary controls, runners exhibited significant increases in the volumes of both the femoral medial articular cartilage and the tibial medial articular cartilage. Additionally, there were significant increases in the thickness of several cartilage regions, including femoral medial cartilage, femoral medial articular cartilage, femoral medial thickness, femoral lateral cartilage, and tibial medial articular cartilage. Notably, the T2* values in the femoral lateral and tibial lateral cartilage of runners decreased significantly, while those in the patellar cartilage and medial tibial cartilage increased significantly. Runner pace was negatively correlated with the overall knee cartilage thickness (r=-0.556; P=0.02), femoral cartilage thickness (r=-0.533; P=0.03), and volume (r=-0.532; P=0.03) but positively correlated with the T2* value of the patellar cartilage (r=0.577; P=0.01).ConclusionsOur study suggests that long-term mechanical stress from running may lead to increased thickness and volume in certain knee joint cartilage regions, possibly enhancing the functional adaptability of knee cartilage. The varying changes in T2* value in the tibial and fibular cartilage areas may indicate differing adaptability to pressure.

Project description:BackgroundSkeletal muscle is one of the tissues most affected by stress conditions. The protein degradation in this tissue is vital for the supply of energy mediated by different proteolytic pathways such as the ubiquitin-proteasome (UPS), autophagy-lysosome (ALS) and the calpain/calpastatin system (CCS). Nevertheless, the regulation of this proteolytic axis under stress conditions is not yet completely clear. Chile is the main producer of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the world. This intensive fish farming has resulted in growing problems as crowding and stress are one of the major problems in the freshwater stage. In this context, we evaluated the crowding effect in juvenile rainbow trout kept in high stocking density (30 kg/m3) for 15, 45 and 60 days, using a control group of fish (10 kg/m3).ResultsPlasmatic cortisol and glucose were evaluated by enzyme immunoassay. The mRNA levels of stress-related genes (gr1, gr2, mr, hsp70, klf15 and redd1), markers of the UPS (atrogin1 and murf1) and CCS (capn1, capn1, cast-l and cast-s) were evaluated using qPCR. ALS (LC3-I/II and P62/SQSTM1) and growth markers (4E-BP1 and ERK) were measured by Western blot analysis. The cortisol levels increased concomitantly with weight loss at 45 days of crowding. The UPS alone was upregulated at 15 days of high stocking density, while ALS activation was observed at 60 days. However, the CCS was inactivated during the entire trial.ConclusionAll these data suggest that stress conditions, such as crowding, promote muscle degradation in a time-dependent manner through the upregulation of the UPS at early stages of chronic stress and activation of the ALS in long-term stress, while the CCS is strongly inhibited by stress conditions in the rainbow trout muscle farmed during freshwater stage. Our descriptive study will allow perform functional analysis to determine, in a more detailed way, the effect of stress on skeletal muscle physiology as well as in the animal welfare in rainbow trout. Moreover, it is the first step to elucidate the optimal crop density in the freshwater stage and improve the standards of Chilean aquaculture.

Dataset Information

The Effects of Postmortem Time on Muscle Trout Biochemical Composition and Structure.

Publications

The Effects of Postmortem Time on Muscle Trout Biochemical Composition and Structure.

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