Dataset Information

Chapare Hemorrhagic Fever and Virus Detection in Rodents in Bolivia in 2019.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In June 2019, the Bolivian Ministry of Health reported a cluster of cases of hemorrhagic fever that started in the municipality of Caranavi and expanded to La Paz. The cause of these cases was unknown.

Methods

We obtained samples for next-generation sequencing and virus isolation. Human and rodent specimens were tested by means of virus-specific real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assays, next-generation sequencing, and virus isolation.

Results

Nine cases of hemorrhagic fever were identified; four of the patients with this illness died. The etiologic agent was identified as Mammarenavirus Chapare mammarenavirus, or Chapare virus (CHAPV), which causes Chapare hemorrhagic fever (CHHF). Probable nosocomial transmission among health care workers was identified. Some patients with CHHF had neurologic manifestations, and those who survived had a prolonged recovery period. CHAPV RNA was detected in a variety of human body fluids (including blood; urine; nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid; conjunctiva; and semen) and in specimens obtained from captured small-eared pygmy rice rats (Oligoryzomys microtis). In survivors of CHHF, viral RNA was detected up to 170 days after symptom onset; CHAPV was isolated from a semen sample obtained 86 days after symptom onset.

Conclusions

M. Chapare mammarenavirus was identified as the etiologic agent of CHHF. Both spillover from a zoonotic reservoir and possible person-to-person transmission were identified. This virus was detected in a rodent species, O. microtis. (Funded by the Bolivian Ministry of Health and others.).

SUBMITTER: Loayza Mafayle R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10245337 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Chapare Hemorrhagic Fever and Virus Detection in Rodents in Bolivia in 2019.

Loayza Mafayle Roxana R Morales-Betoulle Maria E ME Romero Carla C Cossaboom Caitlin M CM Whitmer Shannon S Alvarez Aguilera Carlos E CE Avila Ardaya Cinthia C Cruz Zambrana Mirian M Dávalos Anajia Andrés A Mendoza Loayza Nelly N Montaño Ana-Maria AM Morales Alvis Fernando L FL Revollo Guzmán Jimmy J Sasías Martínez Sebastián S Alarcón De La Vega Gricel G Medina Ramírez Armando A Molina Gutiérrez Jhemis T JT Cornejo Pinto Alex J AJ Salas Bacci Renata R Brignone Julia J Garcia Jorge J Añez Arletta A Mendez-Rico Jairo J Luz Kleber K Segales Ariel A Torrez Cruz Karen M KM Valdivia-Cayoja Adolfo A Amman Brian R BR Choi Mary J MJ Erickson Bobbie-Rae BR Goldsmith Cynthia C Graziano James C JC Joyce Allison A Klena John D JD Leach Austin A Malenfant Jason H JH Nichol Stuart T ST Patel Ketan K Sealy Tara T Shoemaker Trevor T Spiropoulou Christina F CF Todres Alison A Towner Jonathan S JS Montgomery Joel M JM

The New England journal of medicine 20220601 24

<h4>Background</h4>In June 2019, the Bolivian Ministry of Health reported a cluster of cases of hemorrhagic fever that started in the municipality of Caranavi and expanded to La Paz. The cause of these cases was unknown.<h4>Methods</h4>We obtained samples for next-generation sequencing and virus isolation. Human and rodent specimens were tested by means of virus-specific real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assays, next-generation sequencing, and virus isolation ...[more]

PMID: 35704480

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Project description:Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonosis caused by a Nairovirus of the family Bunyaviridae. Infection is transmitted to humans mostly by Hyalomma ticks and also by direct contact with the blood or tissues of infected humans or viremic livestock. Clinical features usually include a rapid progression characterized by hemorrhage, myalgia and fever, with a lethality rate up to 30%. CCHF is one of the most widely distributed viral hemorrhagic fevers and has been reported in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, as well as parts of Europe. There is no approved vaccine or specific treatment against CCHF virus (CCHFV) infections. In this context, an accurate diagnosis as well as a reliable surveillance of CCHFV infections is essential. Diagnostic techniques include virus culture, serology and molecular methods, which are now increasingly used. The European Network for the Diagnostics of "Imported" Viral Diseases organized the first international external quality assessment of CCHVF molecular diagnostics in 2011 to assess the efficiency and accurateness of CCHFV molecular methods applied by expert laboratories. A proficiency test panel of 15 samples was distributed to the participants including 10 different CCHFV preparations generated from infected cell cultures, a preparation of plasmid cloned with the nucleoprotein of CCHFV, two CCHFV RNA preparations and two negative controls. Forty-four laboratories worldwide participated in the EQA study and 53 data sets were received. Twenty data sets (38%) met all criteria with optimal performance, 10 (19%) with acceptable performance, while 23 (43%) reported results showing a need for improvement. Differences in performance depended on the method used, the type of strain tested, the concentration of the sample tested and the laboratory performing the test. These results indicate that there is still a need for improving testing conditions and standardizing protocols for the molecular detection of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.

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Dataset Information

Chapare Hemorrhagic Fever and Virus Detection in Rodents in Bolivia in 2019.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Chapare Hemorrhagic Fever and Virus Detection in Rodents in Bolivia in 2019.

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