Dataset Information

Long term sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: a household study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In children persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported, however, duration and characteristics of symptoms in previously healthy children remain unclear. Therefore this study aimed to evaluate persisting symptoms in children at 6 and 12 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study households with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive outbreak were matched 1:1 to household controls from SARS-CoV-2 negative outbreaks. These households completed questionnaires at 6 and 12 months on the presence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 related symptoms, general well-being/functioning, cognition, persisting symptoms and quality of life.

Findings

None of the children who had a SARS-CoV-2 infection during the study reported persistent symptoms at 6 and 12 months after infection, whereas almost 8% of the children with a negative RT-PCR test during the study reported symptoms such as coughing and mild fever, however, no significant differences were found. In addition, for all other outcomes, no differences were observed between the two groups.

Take home message

Post-acute sequelae of mild SARS-CoV-2 infections appears to be uncommon in previously healthy children.

SUBMITTER: Sluiter-Post JGC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10308779 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Long term sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: a household study.

Sluiter-Post Judith G C JGC Fourie Elandri E Wildenbeest Joanne G JG van Lelyveld Steven F L SFL Bruijning-Verhagen Patricia C J L PCJL van Houten Marianne A MA

Virology journal 20230628 1

<h4>Background</h4>In children persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported, however, duration and characteristics of symptoms in previously healthy children remain unclear. Therefore this study aimed to evaluate persisting symptoms in children at 6 and 12 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection.<h4>Methods</h4>In this prospective cohort study households with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive outbreak were matched 1:1 to household controls from SARS-CoV-2 negative outbreaks. These ...[more]

PMID: 37380990

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Project description:ImportanceShort-term and long-term persistent postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) have not been systematically evaluated. The incidence and evolution of PASC are dependent on time from infection, organ systems and tissue affected, vaccination status, variant of the virus, and geographic region.ObjectiveTo estimate organ system-specific frequency and evolution of PASC.Evidence reviewPubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, the World Health Organization Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease, and CoronaCentral databases were searched from December 2019 through March 2021. A total of 2100 studies were identified from databases and through cited references. Studies providing data on PASC in children and adults were included. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for abstracting data were followed and performed independently by 2 reviewers. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. The main outcome was frequency of PASC diagnosed by (1) laboratory investigation, (2) radiologic pathology, and (3) clinical signs and symptoms. PASC were classified by organ system, ie, neurologic; cardiovascular; respiratory; digestive; dermatologic; and ear, nose, and throat as well as mental health, constitutional symptoms, and functional mobility.FindingsFrom a total of 2100 studies identified, 57 studies with 250 351 survivors of COVID-19 met inclusion criteria. The mean (SD) age of survivors was 54.4 (8.9) years, 140 196 (56%) were male, and 197 777 (79%) were hospitalized during acute COVID-19. High-income countries contributed 45 studies (79%). The median (IQR) proportion of COVID-19 survivors experiencing at least 1 PASC was 54.0% (45.0%-69.0%; 13 studies) at 1 month (short-term), 55.0% (34.8%-65.5%; 38 studies) at 2 to 5 months (intermediate-term), and 54.0% (31.0%-67.0%; 9 studies) at 6 or more months (long-term). Most prevalent pulmonary sequelae, neurologic disorders, mental health disorders, functional mobility impairments, and general and constitutional symptoms were chest imaging abnormality (median [IQR], 62.2% [45.8%-76.5%]), difficulty concentrating (median [IQR], 23.8% [20.4%-25.9%]), generalized anxiety disorder (median [IQR], 29.6% [14.0%-44.0%]), general functional impairments (median [IQR], 44.0% [23.4%-62.6%]), and fatigue or muscle weakness (median [IQR], 37.5% [25.4%-54.5%]), respectively. Other frequently reported symptoms included cardiac, dermatologic, digestive, and ear, nose, and throat disorders.Conclusions and relevanceIn this systematic review, more than half of COVID-19 survivors experienced PASC 6 months after recovery. The most common PASC involved functional mobility impairments, pulmonary abnormalities, and mental health disorders. These long-term PASC effects occur on a scale that could overwhelm existing health care capacity, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

Project description:BackgroundReports on medium and long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infections largely lack quantification of incidence and relative risk. We describe the rationale and methods of the Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Registry (INSPIRE) that combines patient-reported outcomes with data from digital health records to understand predictors and impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsINSPIRE is a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal study of individuals with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection in eight regions across the US. Adults are eligible for enrollment if they are fluent in English or Spanish, reported symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and if they are within 42 days of having a SARS-CoV-2 viral test (i.e., nucleic acid amplification test or antigen test), regardless of test results. Recruitment occurs in-person, by phone or email, and through online advertisement. A secure online platform is used to facilitate the collation of consent-related materials, digital health records, and responses to self-administered surveys. Participants are followed for up to 18 months, with patient-reported outcomes collected every three months via survey and linked to concurrent digital health data; follow-up includes no in-person involvement. Our planned enrollment is 4,800 participants, including 2,400 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 2,400 SARS-CoV-2 negative participants (as a concurrent comparison group). These data will allow assessment of longitudinal outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection and comparison of the relative risk of outcomes in individuals with and without infection. Patient-reported outcomes include self-reported health function and status, as well as clinical outcomes including health system encounters and new diagnoses.ResultsParticipating sites obtained institutional review board approval. Enrollment and follow-up are ongoing.ConclusionsThis study will characterize medium and long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection among a diverse population, predictors of sequelae, and their relative risk compared to persons with similar symptomatology but without SARS-CoV-2 infection. These data may inform clinical interventions for individuals with sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Project description:ImportanceUnderstanding the long-term immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is crucial to optimize vaccination strategies. Although it is known that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may persist in adults 12 months after infection, data are limited in the pediatric population.ObjectiveTo examine long-term anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) IgG kinetics in children after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Design, setting, and participantsIn this single-center, prospective cohort study, patients were enrolled consecutively from April 1, 2020, to August 31, 2021, at the COVID-19 Family Cluster Follow-up Clinic, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University Hospital of Padua. A cohort of 252 COVID-19 family clusters underwent serologic follow-up at 1 to 4, 5 to 10, and more than 10 months after infection with quantification of anti-S-RBD IgG by chemiluminescent immunoassay.ExposuresSARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsAmong 902 study participants, 697 had confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, including 351 children or older siblings (mean [SD] age, 8.6 [5.1] years) and 346 parents (mean [SD] age, 42.5 [7.1] years). Among 697 cases, 674 (96.7%) were asymptomatic or mild. Children had significantly higher S-RBD IgG titers than older patients across all follow-up time points, with an overall median S-RBD IgG titer in patients younger than 3 years 5-fold higher than adults (304.8 [IQR, 139.0-516.6] kBAU/L vs 55.6 [24.2-136.0] kBAU/L, P < .001). Longitudinal analysis of 56 study participants sampled at least twice during follow-up demonstrated the persistence of antibodies up to 10 months from infection in all age classes, despite a progressive decline over time.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study of Italian children and adults following SARS-CoV-2 infection different kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were found across several age classes of individuals with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19, which could help in optimizing COVID-19 vaccination strategies and prevention policies. This work provides further evidence of sustained immune response in children up to 1 year after primary SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Project description:IntroductionMillions have been infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since its emergence in 2019, but most patients make a full recovery. The long-term consequences of the infection are anticipated to unravel in the succeeding years with reports of patients experiencing chronic, debilitating sequelae post-infection commonly referred to as Long COVID. Various Variants of Concern (VoCs) have emerged as the SARS-CoV-2 virus evolved displaying increased infectivity and immune evasiveness. We investigate whether the infecting VoCs affect the sequelae of Long COVID in a Philippine cohort.MethodsSARS-CoV-2 cases confirmed using RT-PCR followed by Next Generation Sequencing were identified from selected regions of the Philippines and recruited through a retrospective-prospective cohort design. Participants were divided based on the initial infecting VoC or Variant of Interest (VoI) and were subsequently interviewed regarding the presence, intensity, and frequency of key Long COVID symptoms, and followed up on two more separate sessions at least three (3) months apart for a total of three (3) data collection points (S1, S2, S3) to document changes in symptoms throughout the year-long study period.ResultsLong COVID symptoms were reported in 88, 82, and 68% of participants in S1, S2, and S3, respectively, showing declining incidence with elapsed time since the first reported infection. General symptoms including headache, fatigue, and post-exertional malaise were the most frequently reported symptoms, while neuropsychiatric symptoms were the second most frequently reported symptoms. In all three (3) sessions, intermittent brain fog, fatigue, and headache were the most frequently reported symptoms in all SARS-CoV-2 variant cohorts. Factors such as age, sex, comorbidities, and disease severity influenced symptom frequency, providing insight into the risk factors that contribute to the prevalence of this disease.ConclusionA large proportion (>68%) of cases in this Philippine cohort previously infected with different SARS-CoV-2 variants presented with long-term complications of COVID-19 characterized by a highly heterogeneous set of debilitating symptoms. The study highlights the need for long-term monitoring of Long COVID and its impact on human health and the need for our health systems to adopt policy response strategies.

Dataset Information

Long term sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: a household study.

Background

Methods

Findings

Take home message

Publications

Long term sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: a household study.

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