Dataset Information

Long-term air pollution exposure and malignant intracranial tumours of the central nervous system: a pooled analysis of six European cohorts.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Risk factors for malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS) are largely unknown.

Methods

We pooled six European cohorts (N = 302,493) and assessed the association between residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), fine particles (PM_2.5), black carbon (BC), ozone (O₃) and eight elemental components of PM_2.5 (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, and zinc) and malignant intracranial CNS tumours defined according to the International Classification of Diseases ICD-9/ICD-10 codes 192.1/C70.0, 191.0-191.9/C71.0-C71.9, 192.0/C72.2-C72.5. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level.

Results

During 5,497,514 person-years of follow-up (average 18.2 years), we observed 623 malignant CNS tumours. The results of the fully adjusted linear analyses showed a hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.07 (0.95, 1.21) per 10 μg/m³ NO₂, 1.17 (0.96, 1.41) per 5 μg/m³ PM_2.5, 1.10 (0.97, 1.25) per 0.5 10^-5m^-1 BC, and 0.99 (0.84, 1.17) per 10 μg/m³ O₃.

Conclusions

We observed indications of an association between exposure to NO₂, PM_2.5, and BC and tumours of the CNS. The PM elements were not consistently associated with CNS tumour incidence.

SUBMITTER: Hvidtfeldt UA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10421949 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Long-term air pollution exposure and malignant intracranial tumours of the central nervous system: a pooled analysis of six European cohorts.

Hvidtfeldt Ulla Arthur UA Chen Jie J Rodopoulou Sophia S Strak Maciej M de Hoogh Kees K Andersen Zorana J ZJ Bellander Tom T Brandt Jørgen J Fecht Daniela D Forastiere Francesco F Gulliver John J Hertel Ole O Hoffmann Barbara B Katsouyanni Klea K Ketzel Matthias M Leander Karin K Magnusson Patrik K E PKE Nagel Gabriele G Pershagen Göran G Rizzuto Debora D Samoli Evangelia E So Rina R Stafoggia Massimo M Tjønneland Anne A Weinmayr Gudrun G Wolf Kathrin K Zhang Jiawei J Zitt Emanuel E Brunekreef Bert B Hoek Gerard G Raaschou-Nielsen Ole O

British journal of cancer 20230707 4

<h4>Background</h4>Risk factors for malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS) are largely unknown.<h4>Methods</h4>We pooled six European cohorts (N = 302,493) and assessed the association between residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), fine particles (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), black carbon (BC), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) and eight elemental components of PM<sub>2.5</sub> (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, and zinc) and malignant intracranial CNS tumo ...[more]

PMID: 37420001

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Project description:Short-term exposure to air pollution has adverse effects among patients with asthma, but whether long-term exposure to air pollution is a cause of adult-onset asthma is unclear.We aimed to investigate the association between air pollution and adult onset asthma.Asthma incidence was prospectively assessed in six European cohorts. Exposures studied were annual average concentrations at home addresses for nitrogen oxides assessed for 23,704 participants (including 1,257 incident cases) and particulate matter (PM) assessed for 17,909 participants through ESCAPE land-use regression models and traffic exposure indicators. Meta-analyses of cohort-specific logistic regression on asthma incidence were performed. Models were adjusted for age, sex, overweight, education, and smoking and included city/area within each cohort as a random effect.In this longitudinal analysis, asthma incidence was positively, but not significantly, associated with all exposure metrics, except for PMcoarse. Positive associations of borderline significance were observed for nitrogen dioxide [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.21 per 10 ?g/m3; p = 0.10] and nitrogen oxides (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.08 per 20 ?g/m3; p = 0.08). Nonsignificant positive associations were estimated for PM10 (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.23 per 10 ?g/m3), PM2.5 (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.23 per 5 ?g/m3), PM2.5absorbance (adjusted OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.19 per 10-5/m), traffic load (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.30 per 4 million vehicles × meters/day on major roads in a 100-m buffer), and traffic intensity (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.30 per 5,000 vehicles/day on the nearest road). A nonsignificant negative association was estimated for PMcoarse (adjusted OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.14 per 5 ?g/m3).Results suggest a deleterious effect of ambient air pollution on asthma incidence in adults. Further research with improved personal-level exposure assessment (vs. residential exposure assessment only) and phenotypic characterization is needed.

Project description:ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between air pollution and mortality, focusing on associations below current European Union, United States, and World Health Organization standards and guidelines.DesignPooled analysis of eight cohorts.SettingMulticentre project Effects of Low-Level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe (ELAPSE) in six European countries.Participants325 367 adults from the general population recruited mostly in the 1990s or 2000s with detailed lifestyle data. Stratified Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyse the associations between air pollution and mortality. Western Europe-wide land use regression models were used to characterise residential air pollution concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and black carbon.Main outcome measuresDeaths due to natural causes and cause specific mortality.ResultsOf 325 367 adults followed-up for an average of 19.5 years, 47 131 deaths were observed. Higher exposure to PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon was associated with significantly increased risk of almost all outcomes. An increase of 5 µg/m3 in PM2.5 was associated with 13% (95% confidence interval 10.6% to 15.5%) increase in natural deaths; the corresponding figure for a 10 µg/m3 increase in nitrogen dioxide was 8.6% (7% to 10.2%). Associations with PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon remained significant at low concentrations. For participants with exposures below the US standard of 12 µg/m3 an increase of 5 µg/m3 in PM2.5 was associated with 29.6% (14% to 47.4%) increase in natural deaths.ConclusionsOur study contributes to the evidence that outdoor air pollution is associated with mortality even at low pollution levels below the current European and North American standards and WHO guideline values. These findings are therefore an important contribution to the debate about revision of air quality limits, guidelines, and standards, and future assessments by the Global Burden of Disease.

Dataset Information

Long-term air pollution exposure and malignant intracranial tumours of the central nervous system: a pooled analysis of six European cohorts.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Long-term air pollution exposure and malignant intracranial tumours of the central nervous system: a pooled analysis of six European cohorts.

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