Dataset Information

Risk Factors Related to COVID-19 Reinfection and Fatality During the Omicron (BA.1/BA.2) Period in Korea.

ABSTRACT:

Background

This study aimed to investigate the deaths due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reinfection and related risk factors.

Methods

National cohort data were collected for a six-month period when omicron BA.1/BA.2 variant was dominant in South Korea.

Results

The long-term care facility residents (adjusted odds ratio, 3.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.98-3.25) had significantly higher risk of reinfection than the general population. The risk of reinfection was significantly lower for persons with 2 or more vaccine doses compared to the unvaccinated. The risk of death was significantly higher in the reinfection group than in the primary infection group for persons in the 60-74 years age group (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.62; 95% CI, 1.19-2.20), and immunocompromised group (aRR, 4.56; 95% CI, 2.34-8.90).

Conclusion

In these data, vaccination history was significantly related to reduced COVID-19 reinfection and severe progression, and scheduled vaccinations were important even with a history of infection.

SUBMITTER: Lee JH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10462479 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Risk Factors Related to COVID-19 Reinfection and Fatality During the Omicron (BA.1/BA.2) Period in Korea.

Lee Ju Hee JH Hwang Ji Hae JH Jang Eun Jung EJ Kim Ryu Kyung RK Lee Kil Hun KH Park Seon Kyeong SK Gwack Jin J Park Young Joon YJ

Journal of Korean medical science 20230828 34

<h4>Background</h4>This study aimed to investigate the deaths due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reinfection and related risk factors.<h4>Methods</h4>National cohort data were collected for a six-month period when omicron BA.1/BA.2 variant was dominant in South Korea.<h4>Results</h4>The long-term care facility residents (adjusted odds ratio, 3.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.98-3.25) had significantly higher risk of reinfection than the general population. The risk of reinfection was ...[more]

PMID: 37644683

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Project description:BackgroundBreakthrough infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants are increasingly observed in vaccinated individuals. Immune responses towards SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly Omicron-BA.5, are poorly understood. We investigated the humoral and cellular immune responses of hospitalized COVID-19 patients during Delta and Omicron infection waves.MethodsThe corresponding SARS-CoV-2 variant of the respective patients were identified by whole genome sequencing. Humoral immune responses were analyzed by ELISA and a cell culture-based neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 D614G isolate (wildtype), Alpha, Delta (AY.43) and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.5). Cellular immunity was evaluated with an IFN-γ ELISpot assay.ResultsOn a cellular level, patients showed a minor IFN-γ response after stimulating PBMCs with mutated regions of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron-BA.1 and especially BA.5 were strongly reduced. Double-vaccinated patients with Delta breakthrough infection showed a significantly increased neutralizing antibody response against Delta compared to double-vaccinated uninfected controls (median complete neutralization titer (NT100) 640 versus 80, p<0.05). Omicron-BA.1 infection increased neutralization titers against BA.1 in double-vaccinated patients (median NT100 of 160 in patients versus 20 in controls, p=0.07) and patients that received booster vaccination (median NT100 of 50 in patients versus 20 in controls, p=0.68). For boosted patients with BA.5 breakthrough infection, we found no enhancing effect on humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants.ConclusionNeutralizing antibody titers against Omicron-BA.1 and especially BA.5 were strongly reduced in SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. Delta and Omicron-BA.1 but not Omicron-BA.5 infections boosted the humoral immunity in double-vaccinated patients and patients with booster vaccination. Despite BA.5 breakthrough infection, those patients may still be vulnerable for reinfections with BA.5 or other newly emerging variants of concern.

Dataset Information

Risk Factors Related to COVID-19 Reinfection and Fatality During the Omicron (BA.1/BA.2) Period in Korea.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Risk Factors Related to COVID-19 Reinfection and Fatality During the Omicron (BA.1/BA.2) Period in Korea.

Similar Datasets

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