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Ultra-high density electrodes improve detection, yield, and cell type specificity of brain recordings.

ABSTRACT: To study the neural basis of behavior, we require methods to sensitively and accurately measure neural activity at single neuron and single spike resolution. Extracellular electrophysiology is a principal method for achieving this, but it has biases in the neurons it detects and it imperfectly resolves their action potentials. To overcome these limitations, we developed a silicon probe with significantly smaller and denser recording sites than previous designs, called Neuropixels Ultra (NP Ultra). This device measures neuronal activity at ultra-high densities (>1300 sites per mm, 10 times higher than previous probes), with 6 μm center-to-center spacing and low noise. This device effectively comprises an implantable voltage-sensing camera that captures a planar image of a neuron's electrical field. We introduce a new spike sorting algorithm optimized for these probes and use it to find that the yield of visually-responsive neurons in recordings from mouse visual cortex improves ~3-fold. Recordings across multiple brain regions and four species revealed a subset of unexpectedly small extracellular action potentials not previously reported. Further experiments determined that, in visual cortex, these do not correspond to major subclasses of interneurons and instead likely reflect recordings from axons. Finally, using ground-truth identification of cortical inhibitory cell types with optotagging, we found that cell type was discriminable with approximately 75% success among three types, a significant improvement over lower-resolution recordings. NP Ultra improves spike sorting performance, sampling bias, and cell type classification.

SUBMITTER: Ye Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10473688 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ultra-high density electrodes improve detection, yield, and cell type identification in neuronal recordings.

Ye Zhiwen Z Shelton Andrew M AM Shaker Jordan R JR Boussard Julien J Colonell Jennifer J Birman Daniel D Manavi Sahar S Chen Susu S Windolf Charlie C Hurwitz Cole C Namima Tomoyuki T Pedraja Federico F Weiss Shahaf S Raducanu Bogdan B Ness Torbjørn V TV Jia Xiaoxuan X Mastroberardino Giulia G Rossi L Federico LF Carandini Matteo M Häusser Michael M Einevoll Gaute T GT Laurent Gilles G Sawtell Nathaniel B NB Bair Wyeth W Pasupathy Anitha A Lopez Carolina Mora CM Dutta Barun B Paninski Liam L Siegle Joshua H JH Koch Christof C Olsen Shawn R SR Harris Timothy D TD Steinmetz Nicholas A NA

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 20240410

To understand the neural basis of behavior, it is essential to sensitively and accurately measure neural activity at single neuron and single spike resolution. Extracellular electrophysiology delivers this, but it has biases in the neurons it detects and it imperfectly resolves their action potentials. To minimize these limitations, we developed a silicon probe with much smaller and denser recording sites than previous designs, called Neuropixels Ultra (<i>NP Ultra</i>). This device samples neur ...[more]

PMID: 37662298

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Dataset Information

Ultra-high density electrodes improve detection, yield, and cell type specificity of brain recordings.

Publications

Ultra-high density electrodes improve detection, yield, and cell type identification in neuronal recordings.

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