Effects of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa on the Immune Function and Gut Microbiota of Mice
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ge Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10512290 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Changes of induced expression level of related genes in the degradation of patulin by Rhodotorula mucilaginosm
2019-12-11 | GSE141796 | GEO
Project description:Previous studies in mice have demonstrated that Rhodotorula mucilaginosa ZTHY2 can promote animal growth, enhance antioxidant and immune functions, and regulate intestinal flora in our laboratory. This study focuses on the Leizhou black duck, a local breed in Zhanjiang, to evaluate the effects of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa ZTHY2 on its growth, antioxidant capacity, and immune function. A total of 150 1-day-old male Leizhou black ducks, of similar size and healthy, were selected for this study and randomly assigned to five treatment groups. Each group contained three replicates with ten birds each. The control group (Control) was given a standard basal diet, while the RM group received a diet supplemented with ZTHY2 at concentrations of 2 × 107 (RM1), 2 × 108(RM2), or 2 × 109(RM3) CFU/kg, respectively. The LA group was supplemented with 2 × 109 CFU/kg of Lactobacillus acidophilus in addition to the basal diet. The feeding trial lasted 42 days. The analysis revealed significant improvements in the average body weight for the RM2 and RM3 groups, which were significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). Treatment with ZTHY2 induced a dose-dependent elevation in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and SOD activities, and a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the serum at 42 days. The serum levels of complement components C3 and C4, immunoglobulin IgG, and cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly increased in Leizhou black ducks treated with ZTHY2 at 42-days post-treatment, with the therapeutic effect becoming more pronounced as the duration of the experiment prolonged. The greatest impact was observed at a dosage of 2 × 109 CFU/kg of ZTHY2. Moreover, ZTHY2 modulated the mRNA expression profiles of these cytokines in the thymus, spleen, and bursa, thereby sustaining the balance of immune dynamics. In summary, the supplementation of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa ZTHY2 at a dosage of 2 × 109 CFU/kg had been found to most effectively enhance the growth performance of Leizhou black ducks by optimizing their immune function and antioxidant capacity.
| S-EPMC11821949 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rhodotorula species live in the environment, but can also colonize human epithelium, as well as respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts. Reports of infection, especially in the past 2 decades, have noted increasing numbers of Rhodotorula infections, particularly in immunocompromised hosts, leading it to be considered emerging opportunistic pathogen. The major risk factors for infection were prolonged use of central venous catheters in patients with hematological and solid malignancies who are taking corticosteroids or cytotoxic drugs. Herein, we report a case of catheter-associated fungemia due to R. mucilaginosa in an immunocompetent host. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit with mechanical ventilation for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. After 10 days, the patient developed new-onset fever confirmed to be a result of catheter-associated blood-stream infection by R. mucilaginosa. It was successfully treated by catheter removal and intravenous amphotericin B.
| S-EPMC3848517 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We aimed to characterize microbiologically clinical isolates of R. mucilaginosa isolated from colonization of a patient with chronic renal disease (CKD), as well as to evaluate their phylogeny, antifungal susceptibility, virulence, and pathogenicity in order to infer the potential to become a possible infective agent. For this study, two isolates of R. mucilaginosa from oral colonization of a CKD patient were isolated, identified and characterized by classical (genotypic and phenotypic) methods. Susceptibility to conventional antifungals was evaluated, followed by biofilm production, measured by different techniques (total biomass, metabolic activity, colony forming units and extracellular matrix quantification). Finally, the pathogenicity of yeast was evaluated by infection of Tenebrio molitor larvae. All isolates were resistant to azole and sensitive to polyenes and they were able to adhere and form biofilm on the abiotic surface of polystyrene. In general, similar profiles among isolates were observed over the observed periods (2, 24, 48 and 72 hours). Regarding extracellular matrix components of biofilms at different maturation ages, R. mucilaginosa was able to produce eDNA, eRNA, proteins, and polysaccharides that varied according to time and the strain. The death curve in vivo model showed a large reduction in the survival percentage of the larvae was observed in the first 24 hours, with only 40 % survival at the end of the evaluation. We infer that colonization of chronic renal patients by R. mucilaginosa offers a high risk of serious infection. And also emphasize that the correct identification of yeast is the main means for an efficient treatment.
| S-EPMC7290102 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rhodotorula mucilaginosa rarely cause keratitis in immunocompromised individuals. A 30 year old male with history of minor trauma presented with cotton wool like stromal infiltration and hypopyon in left eye. Microbiological examination of corneal scraping showed fungal hyphae and yeast cells in direct smear. Molecular identification of the organism was performed which showed 100% homology with Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Management of these cases is difficult often necessitating surgical procedures. However further reports are necessary to understand the disease and establish a treatment protocol.
| S-EPMC4061676 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Currently, there is an increasing number of cases of fungal infections caused by opportunistic strains of the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, mainly in immunocompromised patients during hospitalization. The excessive use of antibiotics and azole compounds increases the risk of resistance to microorganisms. A new alternative to these drugs may be synthetic phthalide lactones with a structure identical to or similar to the natural ones found in celery plants, which show low toxicity and relatively high fungistatic activity. In the present study, the fungistatic activity of seven phthalide lactones was determined against R. mucilaginosa IHEM 18459. We showed that 3-n-butylidenephthalide, the most potent compound selected in the microdilution test, caused a dose-dependent decrease in dry yeast biomass. Phthalide accumulated in yeast cells and contributed to an increase in reactive oxygen species content. The synergistic effect of fluconazole resulted in a reduction in the azole concentration required for yeast inhibition. We observed changes in the color of the yeast cultures; thus, we conducted experiments to prove that the carotenoid profile was altered. The addition of lactones also triggered a decline in fatty acid methyl esters.
| S-EPMC10384090 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ocean plastic pollution is a severe environmental problem but most of the plastic that has been released to the ocean since the 1950s is unaccounted for. Although fungal degradation of marine plastics has been suggested as a potential sink mechanism, unambiguous proof of plastic degradation by marine fungi, or other microbes, is scarce. Here we applied stable isotope tracing assays with 13C-labeled polyethylene to measure biodegradation rates and to trace the incorporation of plastic-derived carbon into individual cells of the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, which we isolated from the marine environment. 13C accumulation in the CO2 pool during 5-day incubation experiments with R. mucilaginosa and UV-irradiated 13C-labeled polyethylene as a sole energy and carbon source translated to degradation rates of 3.8% yr-1 of the initially added substrate. Furthermore, nanoSIMS measurements revealed substantial incorporation of polyethylene-derived carbon into fungal biomass. Our results demonstrate the potential of R. mucilaginosa to mineralize and assimilate carbon from plastics and suggest that fungal plastic degradation may be an important sink for polyethylene litter in the marine environment.
| S-EPMC10330194 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, a yeast with valuable biotechnological features, has also been recorded as an emergent opportunistic pathogen that might cause disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of R. mucilaginosa strain C2.5t1, which was isolated from cacao seeds in Cameroon.
| S-EPMC4392146 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Two novel endophytic yeast strains, WP1 and PTD3, isolated from within the stems of poplar (Populus) trees, were genetically characterized with respect to their xylose metabolism genes. These two strains, belonging to the species Rhodotorula graminis and R. mucilaginosa, respectively, utilize both hexose and pentose sugars, including the common plant pentose sugar, D-xylose. The xylose reductase (XYL1) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XYL2) genes were cloned and characterized. The derived amino acid sequences of xylose reductase (XR) and xylose dehydrogenase (XDH) were 32%∼41% homologous to those of Pichia stipitis and Candida. spp., two species known to utilize xylose. The derived XR and XDH sequences of WP1 and PTD3 had higher homology (73% and 69% identity) with each other. WP1 and PTD3 were grown in single sugar and mixed sugar media to analyze the XYL1 and XYL2 gene regulation mechanisms. Our results revealed that for both strains, the gene expression is induced by D-xylose, and that in PTD3 the expression was not repressed by glucose in the presence of xylose.
| S-EPMC3168190 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa shown the capability to degrade patulin by the intracellular enzymes. However, the enzymes which risponsible for the degradation process was unkonown. Transcriptome change in response to mycotoxin patulin was analyzed. The molecular mechanism of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa withstand patulin was revealed.
2018-12-01 | GSE98937 | GEO