Dataset Information

Vitamin C Urinary Loss and Deficiency in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Cross-sectional Study of Vitamin C Renal Leak in Women With HIV.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Reduced plasma vitamin C (vitC) concentrations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may result from abnormal urinary excretion: a renal leak. VitC renal leak indicates underlying nutritional dysregulation independent of diet. We hypothesized that increased renal leak prevalence in HIV would be associated with deficient vitC concentrations.

Methods

We conducted an outpatient cross-sectional study of 96 women (40 HIV [PWH] and 56 without HIV [PWOH]) at the National Institutes of Health and Georgetown University. Renal leak was defined as abnormal urinary vitC excretion at fasting plasma concentrations <43.2µM, 2 SDs below vitC renal threshold in healthy women. To determine the primary outcome of renal leak prevalence, matched urine and plasma samples were collected the morning after overnight fast. Secondary outcomes assessed group differences in mean plasma vitC concentrations and prevalence of vitC deficiency. Exploratory outcomes assessed clinical parameters associated with renal leak. VitC was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with coulometric electrochemical detection.

Results

PWH had significantly higher renal leak prevalence (73%vs14%; OR (odds ratio):16; P<.001), lower mean plasma vitC concentrations (14µMvs50µM; P<.001), and higher prevalence of vitC deficiency (43%vs7%; OR:10; P<.001) compared with PWOH, unchanged by adjustments for confounding factors. Significant predictors of renal leak included antiretroviral therapy (ART), Black race, older age, and metabolic comorbidities but not viral load or CD4 count. When compared with other chronic disease cohorts, PWH had the highest prevalence of renal leak and vitC deficiency (P<.001).

Conclusions

High prevalence of vitC renal leak in HIV was associated with vitC deficiency, ART use, and race/ethnicity differences.

SUBMITTER: Ebenuwa I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10573720 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Vitamin C Urinary Loss and Deficiency in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Cross-sectional Study of Vitamin C Renal Leak in Women With HIV.

Ebenuwa Ifechukwude I Violet Pierre-Christian PC Michel Kate K Padayatty Sebastian J SJ Wang Yaohui Y Tu Hongbin H Wilkins Kenneth J KJ Kassaye Seble S Levine Mark M

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20231001 8

<h4>Background</h4>Reduced plasma vitamin C (vitC) concentrations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may result from abnormal urinary excretion: a renal leak. VitC renal leak indicates underlying nutritional dysregulation independent of diet. We hypothesized that increased renal leak prevalence in HIV would be associated with deficient vitC concentrations.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted an outpatient cross-sectional study of 96 women (40 HIV [PWH] and 56 without HIV [PWOH]) at the National Insti ...[more]

PMID: 37264998

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Project description:Chinese women are known to have both a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) <50 nmol/l). Associations between sleep duration and circulating 25OHD have recently been reported but, to our knowledge, these associations have not been studied in older Chinese populations. We thus investigated whether sleep duration was associated with vitamin D status in a population from Macao, China, and whether sleep duration modified the association between MetS and vitamin D deficiency. In 207 older (>55 years) Macanese, anthropometry, blood samples and validated questionnaires, including sleep duration and cardiovascular risk factors, were simultaneously collected. On multivariable categorical analyses, those women, not men, who had short sleep duration (≤6 hours (h)) were at a 2-fold risk for vitamin D deficiency (both <50 nmol/L and <37 nmol/L; OR = 1.94, 95%CI 1.29-2.92; OR = 2.05, 95%CI 1.06-3.98, respectively) and those who had longer sleep duration (>8 h) were 3-fold more likely to have vitamin D deficiency (OR = 3.07, 95%CI 1.47-6.39; OR = 2.75, 95%CI 1.08-7.00, respectively) compared to those with normal sleep duration (6-8 h). Both women and men with MetS were 2-fold more likely to have vitamin D deficiency (women: OR = 2.04, 95%CI 1.31-3.17; OR = 2.15, 95%CI 1.11-4.17, respectively; men: OR = 2.01, 95%CI 1.23-3.28; OR = 2.04, 95%CI 1.00-4.29, respectively). Moreover, women with both short sleep duration and MetS had an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency (OR = 3.26, 95%CI 1.10-9.64). These associations were not found in those with longer sleep. Men with longer sleep and MetS had a 5-fold risk of vitamin D deficiency (OR = 5.22; 95%CI 2.70-10.12). This association was non-significant for men with shorter sleep. We conclude that both short and long sleep duration were associated with vitamin D deficiency in older Chinese women. Further research is needed in larger cohorts or with intervention studies to further examine the associations between reduced sleep, metabolic syndrome and vitamin D deficiency.

Dataset Information

Vitamin C Urinary Loss and Deficiency in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Cross-sectional Study of Vitamin C Renal Leak in Women With HIV.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Vitamin C Urinary Loss and Deficiency in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Cross-sectional Study of Vitamin C Renal Leak in Women With HIV.

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