The co-inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins B7-H1(PD-L1) and B7-H4 in high grade glioma: From bench to bedside.

ABSTRACT: Co-inhibitory immune checkpoints play a crucial role in tumor progression, and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor has been a breakthrough for treating multiple refractory tumors in last decade. Nevertheless, results of several phase III clinical trials of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor are unsatisfactory in high grade gliomas recently. This article reviews the promising biomarkers which can predict the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy and current status of emerging strategies involving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, especially the combination treatment and neoadjuvant PD-1 therapy in gliomas. In addition, B7-H4, one of the most promising immune checkpoints, is also briefly reviewed here for its clinical significance, regulatory mechanism and developing immunotherapeutic strategies in pre-clinical glioma models.

SUBMITTER: Qi Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10587763 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature