Albocycline Is the Main Bioactive Antifungal Compound Produced by Streptomyces sp. OR6 against Verticillium dahliae
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Calvo-Pena C
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10610244 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Traditional control methods have drawbacks in controlling Verticillium wilt diseases caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb.; therefore, an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for disease control must be identified and the mechanisms determined. In this study, a soil-isolated strain SBB was identified as Bacillus velezensis based on 16S rRNA, gyrA, and gyrB gene sequences. In vitro, strain SBB had excellent inhibitory effects on V. dahliae, with the highest inhibition rate of 70.94%. Moreover, strain SBB inhibited production of the conidia of V. dahliae and suppressed the production of microsclerotia and melanin. Through gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer analysis, nine compounds were detected from the volatile organic compounds produced by SBB, among which 2-nonanol, 2-heptanone, 6-methyl-2-heptanone, and 2-nonanone could completely inhibit V. dahliae growth. Strain SBB produced cellulase, amylase, protease, and siderophore. During inhibitory action on V. dahliae, strain SBB showed upregulated expression of genes encoding non-volatile inhibitory metabolites, including difficidin, bacilysin, and bacillaene, at 1.923-, 1.848-, and 1.448-fold higher, respectively. Thus, our study proved that strain SBB had an efficient antagonistic effect on V. dahliae, suggesting strain SBB can be used as a potential biological control agent against Verticillium wilt.
| S-EPMC9604920 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bipolaris maydis causes southern corn leaf blight and inflicts huge losses on maize production. In order to search for new natural products from insect gut bacteria to control plant fungal disease, 86 actinomycetes were isolated from more than 50 insect guts, in which crude extract of strain SN5431 showed significant inhibition of the mycelial growth of B. maydis. The strain was identified and named as Streptomyces sp. SN5431. Six compounds were obtained from the crude extract of strain SN5431, which includes five new γ-butyrolactones named as tiuslactone A-E (1-5), and one new long chain ester named as tiusester (6). Their structures were determined using NMR and HRESIMS data and then combined with the spectroscopic data of known similar compounds. Tiuslactone B (2) showed powerful antifungal activity against B. maydis. These results indicated metabolites of insect gut bacteria have the potential to be the leading compounds for the control of corn leaf blight.
| S-EPMC10056170 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Staphylococcus epidermidis, the common inhabitant of human skin and mucosal surfaces has emerged as an important pathogen in patients receiving surgical implants and medical devices. Entering the body via surgical sites and colonizing the medical devices through formation of multi-layered biofilms it leads to refractory and persistent device-related infections (DRIs). Staphylococcal proportions within biofilms are more tolerant to antibiotics and immune responses, and thus are hard-to-treat. The consequent morbidity and mortality, and economic losses in health care systems has strongly necessitated the need for development of new anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm based therapeutics. In this study, we describe the biological activity of a marine sponge-derived Streptomyces sp. SBT348 extract in restraining staphylococcal growth and biofilm formation on polystyrene, glass, medically relevant titan metal and silicone surfaces. A bio-assay guided fractionation was performed to isolate the active compound (C3) from the crude SBT348 extract. Our results demonstrated that C3 effectively inhibits the growth (MIC: 31.25 µg/ml) and biofilm formation (sub-MIC range: 1.95-<31.25 µg/ml) of S. epidermidis RP62A in vitro. Chemical characterization of C3 by heat and enzyme treatments, and High-Resolution Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) revealed its heat-stable and non-proteinaceous nature, and high molecular weight (1258. 3257 Da). Cytotoxicity profiling of C3 in vitro on mouse fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and macrophage (J774.1) cell lines, and in vivo on the greater wax moth larvae Galleria melonella revealed its non-toxic nature at the effective dose. Transcriptome analysis of C3 treated-S. epidermidis RP62A has further unmasked the negative effect of C3 on central metabolism (carbon, amino acid and protein, lipids, nucleotide and energy) suggesting its mode of action. Taken together, these findings suggest that C3 could be possibly used as antibacterial and antibiofilm coatings on medically-relevant surfaces and prevent the relapsing staphylococcal DRIs.
2018-05-17 | GSE109983 | GEO
Project description:Fungal phytopathogens and drug-resistant bacteria are two significant challenges in agriculture and public health, respectively. As a result, new sources of antimicrobial compounds are urgently needed. Taking into consideration these aspects, the present study was carried out to explore the antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces sp. SP5 against drug-resistant bacteria, especially methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin resistant Enterococcus and fungal phytopathogens. MRSA and VRE are both types of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that pose significant challenges to public health. In vitro analysis of the metabolites of Streptomyces sp. SP5 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi. Further chemical investigation of the diethyl ether extract led to the isolation and purification of an antimicrobial compound. The structure of the purified compound was elucidated by performing detailed spectroscopic analysis including MS, IR, and NMR. The compound was identified as plicacetin. Plicacetin is a nucleoside antibiotic that has been reported for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate the antimicrobial properties of plicacetin against Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria brassicicola, Fusarium solani, VRE and Bacillus subtilis. The outcome of the current study endorses that compound produced by Streptomyces sp. SP5 can be used as an antimicrobial agent against fungal phytopathogens and drug-resistant bacteria.
| S-EPMC10502074 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Indigenous actinomycetes isolated from rhizosphere soils were assessed for in vitro antagonism against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Sclerotium rolfsii. A potent antagonist against both plant pathogenic fungi, designated SRA14, was selected and identified as Streptomyces hygroscopicus. The strain SRA14 highly produced extracellular chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase during the exponential and late exponential phases, respectively. Culture filtrates collected from the exponential and stationary phases inhibited the growth of both the fungi tested, indicating that growth suppression was due to extracellular antifungal metabolites present in culture filtrates. The percentage of growth inhibition by the stationary culture filtrate was significantly higher than that of exponential culture filtrate. Morphological changes such as hyphal swelling and abnormal shapes were observed in fungi grown on potato dextrose agar that contained the culture filtrates. However, the antifungal activity of exponential culture filtrates against both the experimental fungi was significantly reduced after boiling or treatment with proteinase K. There was no significant decrease in the percentage of fungal growth inhibition by the stationary culture filtrate that was treated as above. These data indicated that the antifungal potential of the exponential culture filtrate was mainly due to the presence of extracellular chitinase enzyme, whereas the antifungal activity of the stationary culture filtrate involved the action of unknown thermostable antifungal compound(s).
| S-EPMC2556053 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Endophytic bacteria associated with medicinal plants possess unique strategies that enhance growth and suvival of host plants, many of which are mediated by distinctive secondary metabolites. These bacteria and their secondary metabolites are important subjects for both basic and applied research aimed at sustainable agriculture. In the present study, 114 endophytic strains isolated from the wild ethnomedicinal plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis (licorice) were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against common fungal pathogens of tomato (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp., Fulvia fulva, Alternaria solani), cotton (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vesinfectum, Verticillium dahliae), pomegranite (Ceratocystis fimbriata), Cymbidinium (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), and Tsao-ko (Pestalotiopsis microspora and Fusarium graminearum) and the common bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Escherichia coli. Several Bacillus strains, particularly Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus mojavensis, had a broad spectrum of antifungal and antibacterial activity. A total of 16 strains, selected based on broad antimicrobial activity, were shown to contain at least one putative secondary metabolite-encoding gene (i.e., polyketide synthase or non-ribosomal peptide synthetase) and/or one lytic enzyme (i.e., protease, cellulase, lipase, chitinase), which may be important mediators of antagonistic activity against pathogens. Five strains, representing Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus mojavensis, were selected for plant growth chamber experiments based on strong in vitro antifungal activities. All five strains significantly reduced disease severity in Arabidopsis thaliana plants challenged with V. dahlia infection. Gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry analysis of cell-free extracts of Bacillus atrophaeus strain XEGI50 showed that at least 13 compounds were produced only during co-cultivation with V. dahlia, including putative compounds known to have antimicrobial activity, such as 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-methylpropyl) ester; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester; 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (E)-; and decanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that bacteria isolated from G. uralensis have biocontrol abilities. Our findings provide new insights into the antimicrobial activities of natural endophytes, particularly B. atrophaeus, and suggest this species may a promising candidate as a biocontrol agent to confer resistance to Verticillium wilt disease and other phytopathogens in cotton and other crops.
| S-EPMC5954123 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The emergence of epidemic fungal pathogenic resistance to current antifungal drugs has increased the interest in developing alternative antibiotics from natural sources. Cicer arietinum is well known for its medicinal properties. The aim of this work was to isolate antimicrobial proteins from Cicer arietinum. An antifungal protein, C-25, was isolated from Cicer arietinum and purified by gel filtration. C-25 protein was tested using agar diffusion method against human pathogenic fungi of ATCC strains and against clinical isolates of Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, and Candida parapsilosis, and MIC values determined were varied from 1.56 to 12.5 μg/mL. The SEM study demonstrated that C-25 induces the bleb-like surface changes, irregular cell surface, and cell wall disruption of the fungi at different time intervals. Cytotoxic activity was studied on oral cancer cells and normal cells. It also inhibits the growth of fungal strains which are resistant to fluconazole. It reduced the cell proliferation of human oral carcinoma cells at the concentration of 37.5 μg/mL (IC50) and no toxic effect was found on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells even at higher concentration of 600 μg/mL. It can be concluded that C-25 can be considered as an effective antimycotic as well as antiproliferative agent against human oral cancer cells.
| S-EPMC4053179 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCyclophilins (CYPs), belonging to the peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) superfamily, play important roles during plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.ResultsHere, a total of 79 CYPs were identified in the genome of Gossypium hirsutum. Of which, 65 GhCYPs only contained one cyclophilin type PPIase domain, others 14 GhCYPs contain additional domains. A number of cis-acting elements related to phytohormone signaling were predicated in the upstream of GhCYPs ORF. The expression analysis revealed that GhCYPs were induced in response to cold, hot, salt, PEG and Verticillium dahliae infection. In addition, the functional importance of GhCYP-3 in Verticillium wilt resistance was also presented in this study. GhCYP-3 showed both cytoplasmic and nuclear localization. Overexpression of GhCYP-3 in Arabidopsis significantly improved Verticillium wilt resistance of the plants. Recombinant GhCYP-3 displayed PPIase activity and evident inhibitory effects on V. dahliae in vitro. Moreover, the extracts from GhCYP-3 transgenic Arabidopsis displayed significantly inhibit activity to conidia germinating and hyphal growth of V. dahliae.ConclusionsOur study identified the family members of cotton CYP genes using bioinformatics tools. Differential expression patterns of GhCYPs under various abiotic stress and V. dahliae infection conditions provide a comprehensive understanding of the biological functions of candidate genes. Moreover, GhCYP-3 involved in the resistance of cotton to V. dahliae infection presumably through antifungal activity.
| S-EPMC6588949 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As an ecofriendly biocontrol agent, antagonistic bacteria are a crucial class of highly efficient fungicides in the field against Verticillium dahliae, the most virulent pathogen for cotton and other crops. Toward identifying urgently needed bacterial candidates, we screened bacteria isolated from the cotton rhizosphere soil for antagonisitic activity against V. dahliae in an artificially infested nursery. In preliminary tests of antagonistic candidates to characterize the mechanism of action of on culture medium, 88 strains that mainly belonged to Bacillus strongly inhibited the colony diameter of V. dahliae, with inhibiting efficacy up to 50% in 9 strains. Among the most-effective bacterial strains, Bacillus sp. ABLF-18, and ABLF-50 and Paenibacillus sp. ABLF-90 significantly reduced the disease index and fungal biomass of cotton to 40-70% that of the control. In further tests to elucidate the biocontrol mechanism (s), the strains secreted extracellular enzymes cellulase, glucanase, and protease, which can degrade the mycelium, and antimicrobial lipopeptides such as surfactin and iturin homologues. The expression of PAL, MAPK and PR10, genes related to disease resistance, was also elicited in cotton plants. Our results clearly show that three candidate bacterial strains can enhance cotton defense responses against V. dahliae; the secretion of fungal cell-wall-degrading enzymes, synthesis of nonribosomal antimicrobial peptides and induction of systemic resistance shows that the strains have great potential as biocontrol fungicides.
| S-EPMC8699867 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Selective isolation of soil Actinobacteria was undertaken to isolate a new class of antibiotics and bioactive molecules. A Streptomyces sp. PSAA01 (= MTCC 13,157), isolated from soil of Eastern Himalaya foothill was cultivated on a large scale for the production of the antimicrobial SM02. It has been found that the maximum amount of SM02 produced while PSAA01 was grown in ISP-2 medium (pH 7.0) for 7 days at 30 °C in shaking (180 rpm) condition. A significant zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 has been found with the crude cell-free culture media (50 µL) of 7 days grown PSAA01. After the purification and chemical structural characterization, we found that SM02 is a new antimicrobial having 746 dalton molecular weight. The compound SM02 contains pyrimidine moiety in it and is produced by a species of Streptomyces and thus we have named this antibiotic pyrimidomycin. The antimicrobial spectrum of pyrimidomycin has been found to be restricted in Gram-positive organisms with a MIC of 12 µg/mL. SM02 was found active against Mycobacterium sp. and also multi-drug resistant Gram-positive bacteria with similar potency and found to disrupt the bacterial cell wall. Pyrimidomycin also showed significant impairment in the biofilm formation by S. aureus. Furthermore, pyrimidomycin showed synergy with the most used antibiotic like ampicillin, vancomycin and chloramphenicol. Pyrimidomycin did not have cytotoxicity towards human cell lines indicating its limited activity within bacteria.
| S-EPMC9206078 | biostudies-literature