Dataset Information
Lower viral loads in subjects with rhinovirus-challenged allergy despite reduced innate immunity.
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ABSTRACT: Background
Viral infections, especially those caused by rhinovirus, are the most common cause of asthma exacerbations. Previous studies have argued that impaired innate antiviral immunity and, as a consequence, more severe infections contribute to these exacerbations.Objective
These studies explored the innate immune response in the upper airway of volunteers with allergic rhinitis and asthma in comparison to healthy controls and interrogated how these differences corresponded to severity of infection.Methods
Volunteers with allergic rhinitis, those with asthma, and those who are healthy were inoculated with rhinovirus A16 and monitored for clinical symptoms. Tissue and nasal wash samples were evaluated for antiviral signature and viral load.Results
Both subjects with allergic rhinitis and asthma were found to have more severe cold symptoms. Subjects with asthma had worsened asthma control and increased bronchial hyperreactivity in the setting of higher fractional exhaled breath nitric oxide and blood eosinophils. These studies confirmed reduced expression of interferons and virus-specific pattern recognition receptors in both cohorts with atopy. Nevertheless, despite this defect in innate immunity, volunteers with allergic rhinitis/asthma had reduced rhinovirus concentrations in comparison to the controls.Conclusion
These results confirm that the presence of an allergic inflammatory disorder of the airway is associated with reduced innate immune responsive to rhinovirus infection. Despite this, these volunteers with allergy have reduced viral loads, arguing for the presence of a compensatory mechanism to clear the infection.Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02910401.
SUBMITTER: Feng X
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10666001 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Lower viral loads in subjects with rhinovirus-challenged allergy despite reduced innate immunity.
Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology 20220112 4
<h4>Background</h4>Viral infections, especially those caused by rhinovirus, are the most common cause of asthma exacerbations. Previous studies have argued that impaired innate antiviral immunity and, as a consequence, more severe infections contribute to these exacerbations.<h4>Objective</h4>These studies explored the innate immune response in the upper airway of volunteers with allergic rhinitis and asthma in comparison to healthy controls and interrogated how these differences corresponded to ...[more]