Dataset Information

Takotsubo syndrome: unravelling the enigma of the broken heart syndrome?-a narrative review.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objective

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a condition characterized by transient ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities, without causative coronary artery disease, typically triggered by emotional or physical stress. TTS is more common in post-menopausal women, closely resembling acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in its clinical presentation, with multiple proposed underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and no evidence-based treatments. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest research, encompassing the pathophysiology, diagnostic findings, prognosis, and treatment options for TTS patients.

Methods

Relevant literature from 1990 to June 2023 on TTS epidemiology, physiopathology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis was retrieved through PubMed research. Only English publications were included.

Key content and findings

TTS is an increasingly recognized cardiovascular disorder, a significant release of catecholamines is thought to be a key contributing element, yet its exact mechanism remains unclear. Notably, TTS poses significant short and long-term risks akin to ACS. Initial treatment should focus on ruling out ACS and providing standard care for subsequent left ventricular dysfunction and complications. Research hints at a potential role for Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and Angiotensin II receptor blockers in improving long-term prognosis in TTS patients.

Conclusions

Significant knowledge gaps still exist in our understanding of the pathophysiology, treatment options, and areas for improvement in diagnosing and prognosticating this intriguing condition. Further research is therefore needed.

SUBMITTER: Salamanca J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10753233 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Takotsubo syndrome: unravelling the enigma of the broken heart syndrome?-a narrative review.

Salamanca Jorge J Alfonso Fernando F

Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy 20231208 6

<h4>Background and objective</h4>Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a condition characterized by transient ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities, without causative coronary artery disease, typically triggered by emotional or physical stress. TTS is more common in post-menopausal women, closely resembling acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in its clinical presentation, with multiple proposed underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and no evidence-based treatments. This review aims to provide a comp ...[more]

PMID: 38162098

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Project description:Background and Objectives Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death globally for decades. Pharmacological advances targeting the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and fibrosis slow the progression of diverse cardiovascular diseases. However, ongoing cardiomyocyte loss is inevitable in divergent cardiovascular diseases, eventually leading to heart failure as the end stage. In this review, we focused on the key biomedical findings and underlying principles of cardiomyocyte regeneration. Methods Literature regarding the key findings in cardiomyocyte regeneration research, including controversies on the origins of newly formed cardiomyocytes, potential barriers and strategies to heart regeneration, and the key animals, models, and methods applied in the study of heart regeneration, were broadly researched using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Key Content and Findings In the mammalian heart, cardiomyocytes proliferate during the embryonic and early postnatal stages, while the capability of proliferation disappears in the adult stage. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that cardiomyocytes self-renew at a very limited level and that most newly formed cardiomyocytes originate from pre-existing cardiomyocytes and not cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). Several potential barriers to heart regeneration have been addressed, including metabolic switch, a large increase in multinucleated and polyploid cardiomyocytes, and alteration in the epigenome and transcriptome. In addition, immune system evolution is also associated with the loss of regenerative capacity. However, the activation of resident cardiomyocytes, somatic cell reprogramming, and direct reprogramming, in addition to the promotion of neovascularization and immune modulation, constitute the new insights into those strategies that can boost cardiac regeneration. Conclusions Heart regeneration is one of the most popular fields in cardiovascular research and represents a promising avenue of therapeutics for mending a broken heart. Despite the controversies and challenges, a clearer picture of adult mammalian cardiac regeneration is emerging.

Dataset Information

Takotsubo syndrome: unravelling the enigma of the broken heart syndrome?-a narrative review.

Background and objective

Methods

Key content and findings

Conclusions

Publications

Takotsubo syndrome: unravelling the enigma of the broken heart syndrome?-a narrative review.

Similar Datasets

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