Mitochondrial leak metabolism induces the Spemann-Mangold Organizer via Hif-1α in Xenopus.

ABSTRACT: An instructive role for metabolism in embryonic patterning is emerging, although a role for mitochondria is poorly defined. We demonstrate that mitochondrial oxidative metabolism establishes the embryonic patterning center, the Spemann-Mangold Organizer, via hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif-1α) in Xenopus. Hypoxia or decoupling ATP production from oxygen consumption expands the Organizer by activating Hif-1α. In addition, oxygen consumption is 20% higher in the Organizer than in the ventral mesoderm, indicating an elevation in mitochondrial respiration. To reconcile increased mitochondrial respiration with activation of Hif-1α, we discovered that the "free" c-subunit ring of the F₁F_o ATP synthase creates an inner mitochondrial membrane leak, which decouples ATP produc

SUBMITTER: MacColl Garfinkel A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10840693 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature