Dataset Information

Autoantibodies, antigen-autoantibody complexes and antigens complement CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Multiple antigens, autoantibodies (AAb), and antigen-autoantibody (Ag-AAb) complexes were compared for their ability to complement CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer.

Methods

Twenty six biomarkers were measured in a single panel of sera from women with early stage (I-II) ovarian cancers (n = 64), late stage (III-IV) ovarian cancers (186), benign pelvic masses (200) and from healthy controls (502), and then split randomly (50:50) into a training set to identify the most promising classifier and a validation set to compare its performance to CA125 alone.

Results

Eight biomarkers detected ≥ 8% of early stage cases at 98% specificity. A four-biomarker panel including CA125, HE4, HE4 Ag-AAb and osteopontin detected 75% of early stage cancers in the validation set from among healthy controls compared to 62% with CA125 alone (p = 0.003) at 98% specificity. The same panel increased sensitivity for distinguishing early-stage ovarian cancers from benign pelvic masses by 25% (p = 0.0004) at 95% specificity. From 21 autoantibody candidates, 3 AAb (anti-p53, anti-CTAG1 and annt-Il-8) detected 22% of early stage ovarian cancers, potentially lengthening lead time prior to diagnosis.

Conclusion

A four biomarker panel achieved greater sensitivity at the same specificity for early detection of ovarian cancer than CA125 alone.

SUBMITTER: Young Han C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10912308 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Autoantibodies, antigen-autoantibody complexes and antigens complement CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer.

Young Han Chae C Bedia Jacob S JS Yang Wei-Lei WL Hawley Sarah J SJ Bergan Lindsay L Hopper Marika M Celestino Joseph J Guo Jing J Gornet Terrie G TG Soosaipillai Antoninus A Yang Hailing H Doskocil Samantha D SD Lokshin Anna E AE Handy Beverly C BC Diamandis Eleftherios P EP Moore Richard G RG Lu Karen H KH Lu Zhen Z Anderson Karen S KS Drescher Charles W CW Skates Steven J SJ Bast Robert C RC

British journal of cancer 20240109 5

<h4>Background</h4>Multiple antigens, autoantibodies (AAb), and antigen-autoantibody (Ag-AAb) complexes were compared for their ability to complement CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer.<h4>Methods</h4>Twenty six biomarkers were measured in a single panel of sera from women with early stage (I-II) ovarian cancers (n = 64), late stage (III-IV) ovarian cancers (186), benign pelvic masses (200) and from healthy controls (502), and then split randomly (50:50) into a training set to identify ...[more]

PMID: 38195887

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Project description:Immunoglobulin M (IgM) autoantibodies, as the early appearing antibodies in humoral immunity when stimulated by antigens, might be excellent biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer (LC). We aimed to develop a multi-analyte integrative model combining IgM autoantibodies and a traditional tumor biomarker that could be a valuable and powerful auxiliary diagnostic tool and might improve the accuracy of early detection of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). A customized protein array based on cancer driver genes was constructed and applied in the discovery cohort consisting of 68 LUAD patients and 68 normal controls (NCs); 31 differentially expressed IgM autoantibodies were identified. The top 5 candidate IgM autoantibodies [based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) ranking], namely, TSHR, ERBB2, survivin, PIK3CA, and JAK2, were validated in the validation cohort using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which included 147 LUAD samples, 72 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) samples, 44 small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) samples, and 147 NCs. These indicators presented diagnostic capacity for LUAD, with AUCs of 0.599, 0.613, 0.579, 0.601, and 0.633, respectively (p < 0.05). However, none of them showed a significant difference between the SCLC and NC groups, and only the IgM autoantibody against JAK2 showed a higher expression in LUSC than in NC (p = 0.046). Through logistic regression analysis, with the five IgM autoantibodies and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), one diagnostic model was constructed for LUAD. The model yielded an AUC of 0.827 (sensitivity = 56.63%, specificity = 93.98%). The diagnostic efficiency was superior to that of either CEA (AUC = 0.692) or IgM autoantibodies alone (AUC = 0.698). Notably, the accuracy of this model in early-stage LUAD reached 83.02%. In conclusion, we discovered and identified five novel IgM indicators and developed a multi-analyte model combining IgM autoantibodies and CEA, which could be a valuable and powerful auxiliary diagnostic tool and might improve the accuracy of early detection of LUAD.

Dataset Information

Autoantibodies, antigen-autoantibody complexes and antigens complement CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Autoantibodies, antigen-autoantibody complexes and antigens complement CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer.

Similar Datasets

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