Dataset Information

Lung outcomes and related risk factors in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a hospitalised single-centre cohort from Johannesburg, South Africa.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Sequelae post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, including lung and functional impairment, pose a significant challenge post-recovery. We explored the burden and risk factors for post-COVID-19 sequelae in an African population with prevalent comorbidities including tuberculosis (TB) and HIV.

Methods

We conducted an observational cohort study on hospitalised adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 20 March to 06 October 2021 at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, South Africa. We collected data on comorbidities, and COVID-19 severity using the World Health Organization (WHO) clinical progression scale. Prospectively, we followed up all participants within 40-days post-discharge to assess body mass index (BMI), COVID-19 symptoms and quality of life using St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), 6-min walking-test (6MWT), and spirometry. A subsequent in-depth visit assessed plethysmography, diffusing capacity for the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and high-resolution chest-CT.

Findings

We followed up 111 participants, where 65.8% were female, median age 50.5 years, and predominantly black-African (92.8%). Relevant comorbidities included TB disease (18.9%) and HIV infection (36%). SGRQ total scores were elevated in 78.9%, median 6MWT distance was reduced at 300 m (IQR 210-400), and nearly half (49.5%) exhibited spirometry findings below the lower limit of normal (LLN). In-depth pulmonary assessment for 61 participants revealed abnormalities in total lung capacity (31.6% <80% predicted), DLCO (53.4% <80% predicted), and chest-CT (86.7% abnormal). Significant risk factors for individual abnormal outcomes, adjusted for age and sex, were TB disease, HIV with CD4 <200 cells/mm³, BMI <18.5 kg/m² and >35 kg/m², and initial COVID-19 severity.

Interpretation

This study demonstrates substantial lung and functional morbidity within the first weeks post-COVID-19, particularly in individuals with pre-existing comorbidities including TB, HIV, and low or high BMI. Chest-CT and DLCO show best early potential at reflecting COVID-19-related pathologies.

Funding

The Bavarian State Ministry of Science and Arts.

SUBMITTER: Glover NA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11016864 | biostudies-literature | 2024 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Lung outcomes and related risk factors in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a hospitalised single-centre cohort from Johannesburg, South Africa.

Glover Nicole Audrey NA Ivanova Olena O Sathar Farzana F Riess Friedrich F Shambhu Rekha Rao RR Mekota Anna-Maria AM Zurba Lindsay L Menezes Colin C Alexandra van Blydenstein Sarah S Kalla Ismail I Hoelscher Michael M Saathoff Elmar E Charalambous Salome S Rachow Andrea A

EClinicalMedicine 20240411

<h4>Background</h4>Sequelae post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, including lung and functional impairment, pose a significant challenge post-recovery. We explored the burden and risk factors for post-COVID-19 sequelae in an African population with prevalent comorbidities including tuberculosis (TB) and HIV.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted an observational cohort study on hospitalised adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 20 March to 06 October 2021 at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, South ...[more]

PMID: 38623400

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Dataset Information

Lung outcomes and related risk factors in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a hospitalised single-centre cohort from Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background

Methods

Findings

Interpretation

Funding

Publications

Lung outcomes and related risk factors in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a hospitalised single-centre cohort from Johannesburg, South Africa.

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