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Mesoporous silica coated spicules for photodynamic therapy of metastatic melanoma.

ABSTRACT: We report on the fabrication of mesoporous silicon dioxide coated Haliclona sp. spicules (mSHS) to enhance the delivery of the insoluble photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) into deep skin layers and mediate photodynamic therapy for metastatic melanoma in mice. The mSHS are dispersed sharp edged and rod-like micro-particles with a length of approximate 143.6 ± 6.4 μm and a specific surface area of 14.9 ± 3.4 m²/g. The mSHS can be topically applied to the skin, adapting to any desired skin area and lesion site. The insoluble PpIX were incorporated into the mesoporous silica coating layers of mSHS (mSHS@PpIX) with the maximum PpIX loading capacity of 120.3 ± 3.8 μg/mg. The mSHS@PpIX significantly enhanced the deposition of PpIX in the viable epidermis (5.1 ± 0.4 μg/cm²) and in the dermis (0.5 ± 0.2 μg/cm²), which was 154 ± 11-fold and 22 ± tenfold higher than those achieved by SHS, respectively. Topical delivery of PpIX using mSHS (mSHS@PpIX) completely eradicated the primary melanoma in mice in 10 days without recurrence or metastasis over 60 days. These results demonstrate that mSHS can be a promising topical drug delivery platform for the treatment of diverse cutaneous diseases, such as metastatic melanoma.

SUBMITTER: Liang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11017598 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mesoporous silica coated spicules for photodynamic therapy of metastatic melanoma.

Liang Xuejiao X Zhang Jialiang J Zhang Chi C Zhai Haojie H Yang Ping P Chen Ming M

Journal of nanobiotechnology 20240415 1

We report on the fabrication of mesoporous silicon dioxide coated Haliclona sp. spicules (mSHS) to enhance the delivery of the insoluble photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) into deep skin layers and mediate photodynamic therapy for metastatic melanoma in mice. The mSHS are dispersed sharp edged and rod-like micro-particles with a length of approximate 143.6 ± 6.4 μm and a specific surface area of 14.9 ± 3.4 m<sup>2</sup>/g. The mSHS can be topically applied to the skin, adapting to any desi ...[more]

PMID: 38616270

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Project description:This review article is based on specifically targeted nanoparticles that have been used in the treatment of melanoma. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, within 2017 an estimated 9730 people will die due to invasive melanoma. Conventional treatments for nonmalignant melanoma include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. For the treatment of metastatic melanoma, 3 therapeutic agents have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration: dacarbazine, recombinant interferon ?-2b, and high-dose interleukin 2. Photodynamic therapy is an alternative therapy that activates a photosensitizer at a specific wavelength forming reactive oxygen species which in turn induces cell death; it is noninvasive with far less side effects when compared to conventional treatments. Nanoparticles are generally conjugated to photosynthetic drugs, since they are biocompatible, stabile, and durable, as well as have a high loading capacity, which improve either passive or active photosensitizer drug delivery to targeted cells. Therefore, various photosynthetic drugs and nanoparticle drug delivery systems specifically targeted for melanoma were analyzed in this review article in relation to either their passive or their active cellular uptake mechanisms in order to deduce the efficacy of photodynamic therapy treatment for metastatic melanoma which currently remains ongoing. The overall findings from this review concluded that no current photodynamic therapy studies have been performed in relation to active nanoparticle platform photosensitizer drug carrier systems for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, and so this type of research requires further investigation into developing a more efficient active nano-photosensitizer carrier smart drug that can be conjugated to specific cell surface receptors and combinative monoclonal antibodies so that a further enhanced and more efficient form of targeted photodynamic therapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma can be established.

Dataset Information

Mesoporous silica coated spicules for photodynamic therapy of metastatic melanoma.

Publications

Mesoporous silica coated spicules for photodynamic therapy of metastatic melanoma.

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