The correlation of obesity status with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in US Asian adults: NHANES 2011–2018
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SUBMITTER: Qiu L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11020701 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundPrevious studies have not provided a consensus on the effect of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] on osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to evaluate the association using a large, nationally representative sample.MethodsThe cross-sectional data were obtained from the 2001 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Individuals aged ≥40 years who had information of serum 25(OH)D, self-report OA, and related covariates were included. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the association between serum 25(OH)D and osteoarthritis.ResultsAmong the 21,334 participants included (weighted mean age, 56.9 years; 48.5% men), the proportion of participants with high serum 25(OH)D concentrations (≥100 nmol/L) increased significantly from 4.2% in 2001-2006 to 18.8% in 2013-2018. Higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with more osteoarthritis prevalence in fully adjusted model (odd ratio [OR] 1.25 [95% CI: 1.10, 1.43] for the 50-75 nmol/L group; OR 1.62 [95% CI: 1.42, 1.85] for the 75-100 nmol/L group; OR 1.91 [95% CI: 1.59, 2.30] for the ≥100 nmol/L group; with <50 nmol/L group as the reference) (p < 0.001 for trend). The association was consistent across several sensitivity analyses, including propensity score methods and excluding participants who had received vitamin D supplement. In subgroup analysis, the OR for the association increased significantly with body mass index (BMI) (BMI < 25 kg/m2, 1.01 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.08]; BMI 25-30 kg/m2, 1.05 [95% CI: 1.01, 1.08]; BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, 1.10 [95% CI: 1.06, 1.13]; p = 0.004 for interaction).ConclusionThere was a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D and osteoarthritis with a possible modification by BMI. Our finding raises concerns about the potential adverse effects of high serum 25(OH)D on osteoarthritis, particularly among obese individuals. More well-designed studies are still needed to validate our findings in future.
| S-EPMC10011108 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesMost kidney stones contain calcium, which is closely associated with human bone health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship between the history of kidney stones and human bone health. This study examined the associations between lumbar bone mineral density (BMD), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and a history of kidney stones in individuals aged between 30 years and 69 years.Design and data analysisA multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the relationship between lumbar BMD, serum 25-OHD levels and kidney stones in this cross-sectional study. All models incorporated survey sample weights and were adjusted for covariates.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. The exposure and outcomes of this study included the lumbar BMD and presence of kidney stones.ParticipantsAll the 7500 participants for this cross-sectional survey were selected from the NHANES between 2011 and 2018.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome of this study was the presence of kidney stones. The interviewers asked the questions on kidney stones while the respondents were at home, using a computer-assisted personal interview system.ResultsLumbar BMD was negatively correlated with a history of kidney stones in all three multivariate linear regression models; the negative association existed in all genders after adjusting for all confounding factors. In the multiple regression analysis, there was an interaction between serum 25-OHD and lumbar BMD (p<0.05) regarding the influence on kidney stones; the negative association between lumbar BMD and kidney stones was more obvious in the higher 25-OHD group (≥50 nmol/L).ConclusionThe study results suggest that maintaining a high lumbar BMD may reduce the incidence of kidney stone formation. Simultaneously, maintaining a high serum 25-OHD level may be more beneficial in preventing the occurrence or recurrence of stones while ensuring a high lumbar BMD.
| S-EPMC10231023 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Normal vitamin D homeostasis is critical for optimal health; nevertheless, vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide public health problem. Vitamin D insufficiency is most commonly due to inadequate cutaneous synthesis of cholecalciferol and/or insufficient intake of vitamin D, but can also arise as a consequence of pathological states such as obesity. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D (calcidiol) are low in obesity, and fail to increase appropriately after vitamin D supplementation. Although sequestration of vitamin D in adipose tissues or dilution of ingested or cutaneously synthesized vitamin D in the large fat mass of obese patients has been proposed to explain these findings, here we investigate the alternative mechanism that reduced capacity to convert parent vitamin D to 25(OH)D due to decreased expression of CYP2R1, the principal hepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase. To test this hypothesis, we isolated livers from female mice of 6 to 24 weeks of age, weaned onto either a normal chow diet or a high-fat diet, and determined the abundance of Cyp2r1 mRNA using digital droplet-quantitative PCR. We observed a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in Cyp2r1 mRNA in the liver of high-fat diet-fed mice relative to lean-chow-fed female mice. Moreover, there was a significant (p < 0.01) relationship between levels of Cyp2r1 mRNA and serum 25(OH)D concentrations as well as between Cyp2R1 mRNA and the ratio of circulating 25(OH)D3 to cholecalciferol (p < 0.0001). Using linear regression we determined a curve with 25(OH)D3/cholecalciferol versus normalized Cyp2R1 mRNA abundance with an R2 value of 0.85. Finally, we performed ex vivo activity assays of isolated livers and found that obese mice generated significantly less 25(OH)D3 than lean mice (p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that expression of CYP2R1 is reduced in obesity and accounts in part for the decreased circulating 25(OH)D. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
| S-EPMC6663580 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Vitamin D has been hypothesized to protect against cancer. We followed 16,819 participants in NHANES III (Third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey) from 1988 to 2006, expanding on an earlier NHANES III study (1988-2000). Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, we examined risk related to baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] for total cancer mortality, in both sexes, and by racial/ethnic groups, as well as for site-specific cancers. Because serum was collected in the south in cooler months and in the north in warmer months, we examined associations by collection season ("summer/higher latitude" and "winter/lower latitude"). We identified 884 cancer deaths during 225,212 person-years. Overall cancer mortality risks were unrelated to baseline 25(OH)D status in both season/latitude groups, and in non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Mexican-Americans. In men, risks were elevated at higher levels {e.g., for ≥100 nmol/L, relative risk (RR) = 1.85 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-3.35] compared with <37.5 nmol/L}. Although risks were unrelated to 25(OH)D in all women combined, risks significantly decreased with increasing 25(OH)D in the summer/higher latitude group [for ≥100 nmol/L, RR = 0.52 (95% CI, 0.25-1.15) compared with <37.5 nmol/L; P(trend) = 0.03, based on continuous values]. We also observed a suggestion of an inverse association with colorectal cancer mortality (P(trend) = 0.09) and a positive association with lung cancer mortality among males (P(trend) = 0.03). Our results do not support the hypothesis that 25(OH)D is associated with reduced cancer mortality. Although cancer mortality in females was inversely associated with 25(OH)D in the summer/higher latitude group, cancer mortality at some sites was increased among men with higher 25(OH)D. These findings argue for caution before increasing 25(OH)D levels to prevent cancer.
| S-EPMC2974315 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundUltra-processed food (UPF) consumption is linked to adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Asian Americans (AAs) are the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States, yet their dietary patterns have seldom been described.ObjectivesThe aim was to characterize UPF consumption among AAs and determine whether acculturation is associated with increased UPF consumption.MethodsThe NHANES is an annual, cross-sectional survey representative of the US population. We examined 2011-2018 NHANES data, which included 2404 AAs ≥18 y old with valid 24-h dietary recall. Using day 1 dietary recall data, we characterized UPF consumption as the percentage of caloric intake from UPFs, using the NOVA classification system. Acculturation was characterized by nativity status, nativity status and years in the United States combined, home language, and an acculturation index. We assessed the association between acculturation and UPF consumption using linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, income, self-reported health, and self-reported diet quality.ResultsUPFs provided, on average, 39.3% (95% CI: 38.1%, 40.5%) of total energy intake among AAs. In adjusted regression analyses, UPF consumption was 14% (95% CI: 9.5%, 17.5%; P < 0.05) greater among those with the highest compared with the lowest acculturation index score, 12% (95% CI: 8.5%, 14.7%: P < 0.05) greater among those who speak English only compared with non-English only in the home, 12% (95% CI: 8.6%, 14.7%: P < 0.05) greater among US-born compared with foreign-born AAs, and 15% (95% CI: 10.7%, 18.3%: P < 0.05) greater among US-born compared with foreign-born AAs with <10 y in the United States.ConclusionsUPF consumption was common among AAs, and acculturation was strongly associated with greater proportional UPF intake. As the US-born AA population continues to grow, UPF consumption in this group is likely to increase. Further research on disaggregated AA subgroups is warranted to inform culturally tailored dietary interventions.
| S-EPMC9258532 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and tic disorders (TDs) in Chinese children.MethodsWe selected 2960 children with TD and 2665 healthy controls, aged 5-14 years, from the Department of Neurology of the Shanghai Children's Hospital. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and degrees of vitamin D deficiency were compared between patients with TD and healthy children.ResultsThe mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in the TD group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the TD group was significantly higher than that in the control group. However, there was no correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and the severity of TD. In addition, for age-wise comparison, mean levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and its deficiency in the TD group were the most significant in children over 9 years of age.ConclusionThere is a correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and TD in Chinese children, but not between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and the severity of TD. There was a correlation between age and deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D; this deficiency was most pronounced among those over the age of 9 years.
| S-EPMC9124939 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The primary purpose of this study was to describe obesity, body composition, convenience food consumption, physical activity, and muscle strength among Asian American youth compared to other racial/ethnic groups. The secondary purpose was to examine whether obesity, body composition, convenience food consumption, physical activity, and muscle strength differed by acculturation levels among Asian American youth. A secondary analysis was conducted using data from 12,763 children aged 2 to 17 years that participated in the 2011-2018 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). In the NHANES interview, acculturation, dietary behavior, and physical activity questionnaires were administered. The acculturation level was indicated by the language spoken at home. In the NHANES examination, anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and muscle strength assessments were conducted. Compared to non-Hispanic White American boys, Asian American boys had similar levels of obesity, central obesity, and fat mass. Among the five racial/ethnic groups examined, lean body mass, muscle mass, convenience food consumption, and daily physical activity were the lowest in the Asian group. More acculturated Asian American boys, but not girls, were more likely to be obese (OR = 3.28 (1.63, 6.60)). More acculturated Asian American youth more frequently consumed convenience food (1.4 more meals/month (1.2, 1.6)). This study highlights the obesity problem among Asian American boys, which worsens with acculturation to America. The study results also suggest that although Asian American youth consume less convenience food overall than non-Hispanic White American youth, increasing acculturation may negatively influence food choices.
| S-EPMC7504455 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ContextDisturbances in 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus concentrations have been associated with increased risks of total and cardiovascular mortality. It is possible that changes in electrocardiographic QT interval duration may mediate these effects, but the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, phosphorus, and calcium concentrations with QT interval duration has not been evaluated in general population samples.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, phosphorus, and calcium concentrations with QT interval duration in two large samples of the U.S. general population.DesignThis study included cross-sectional analyses the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES III) and the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.SettingThe study was conducted in the general community.Patients or other participantsPatients included 7,312 men and women from NHANES III and 14,825 men and women from the ARIC study.InterventionsSerum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, total and ionized calcium, and inorganic phosphorus were measured in NHANES III, and serum total calcium and inorganic phosphorus were measured in ARIC.Main outcome measureQT interval duration was obtained from standard 12-lead electrocardiograms.ResultsIn NHANES III, the multivariate adjusted differences in average QT interval duration comparing the highest vs. the lowest quartiles of serum total calcium, ionized calcium, and phosphorus were -3.6 msec (-5.8 to -1.3; P for trend = 0.005), -5.4 msec (-7.4 to -3.5; P for trend <0.001), and 3.9 msec (2.0-5.9; P for trend <0.001), respectively. The corresponding differences in ARIC were -3.1 msec (-4.3 to -2.0; P for trend <0.001), -2.9 msec (-3.8 to -1.9; P for trend <0.001), and 2.3 msec (1.3-3.3; P for trend <0.001). No association was found between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and QT interval duration.ConclusionsIn two large samples of the general population, QT interval duration was inversely associated with the serum total and ionized calcium and positively associated with serum phosphorus.
| S-EPMC3100754 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundVisceral obesity (VATob) increases the risk for many diseases. Central obesity has been associated with an augmented prescription use; however, there is a paucity of research focused on VATob. Here, the aim was to evaluate the association between VATob and prescription use.MethodsData was collected from the NHANES dataset (2011-2018). Visceral adipose tissue was measured using dual x-ray absorptiometry, and VATob was defined as ≥100 cm2. Prescription use was collected from the RXQ_RX files and classified according to Vademecum. Association between VATob and prescription use was determined with logistic regression and reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).Results10,952 participants (weighted: 121,090,702) were included, in which 41.8% were VATob and 52.0% of them had ≥1 prescription. Overall, VATob demonstrated an augmented rate of prescription use when compared to non-VATob (52.0% versus 36.7%, p<0.001), specifically with metabolic (4.5-fold increase), cardiovascular (3.9-fold increase), gastrointestinal (2.5-fold increase), and hematopoietic agents (2.3-fold increase). This was associated with increased the risk for overall prescription use (ORoverall = 1.9, 95%CI: 1.7-2.1, p<0.001). Similar results were observed with metabolic and cardiovascular agents. However, when stratified by BMI, normal weight participants (ORmetabolic = 10.4; 95%CI: 6.5-16.6 & ORcardiovascular = 7.0; 95%CI: 4.4-11.1, p<0.001) had a greater risk than the overweight (ORmetabolic = 4.1; 95%CI: 3.0-5.6 & ORcardiovascular = 3.4; 95%CI: 2.5-4.7, p<0.001) or obese participants (ORmetabolic = 3.5; 95%CI: 2.3-5.3 & ORcardiovascular = 3.5; 95%CI: 2.5-4.9, p<0.001).ConclusionVATob is associated with augmented prescription use, particularly with cardiovascular and metabolic agents. This association was higher for normal weight participants.
| S-EPMC11790123 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivePolyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are known endocrine disruptors, that have been the subject of limited research regarding their impact on human lean body mass. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PFAS exposure on lean body mass.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional data analysis involving 1022 adolescents and 3274 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018, whose lean body mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The lean mass index (LMI) was calculated as lean body mass dividing by the square of height. The association between PFAS and LMI was examined through a multivariate-adjusted weighted generalized linear model. Moreover, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models were employed to futher examine the relationship between the mixture of PFAS and LMI.ResultsRegression analyses revealed an inverse correlation between PFAS exposure and LMI after adjusting for potential covariates. Adults with higher serum PFAS concentrations manifested a reduction in whole LMI ( β = -0.193, 95 % confidence interval (CI): -0.325 to -0.06). Notably, this correlation was particularly significant in adult females and individuals with obesity, and it was observed across diverse anatomical regions, including lower limbs, right arm, trunk, and whole lean body mass. In adult females, the association between PFAS and whole LMI was statistically significant ( β = -0.294, 95 % CI: -0.495 to -0.094), and a similar trend was found in obese individuals ( β = -0.512, 95 % CI: -0.762 to -0.261). WQS regression analyses supported the results obtained from weighted linear regression analyses.ConclusionsOur study suggests that exposure to PFAS, whether individually or in combination, is associated with decreased lean body mass in specific body areas, with sex and obesity serving as major influencing factors.
| S-EPMC11419868 | biostudies-literature