BMJ introduces a fast track system for papers. We will offer to publish exceptional papers within four weeks
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Goldbeck-Wood S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1115073 | biostudies-literature | 1999 Mar
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
BMJ introduces a fast track system for papers. We will offer to publish exceptional papers within four weeks
BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 19990301 7184
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Project description:Background and purposeDuring the last decade, many hospitals have implemented fast-track protocols for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). These protocols reduce the length of hospital stay, but there is no literature on the first period after hospital discharge. We determined how patients experienced the first 6 weeks after hospital discharge after fast-track TKA surgery.Patients and methods34 consecutive patients who had TKA surgery with fast track received a diary for 6 weeks, which contained various international validated questionnaires. In addition, general questions regarding pain, the wound, physiotherapy, and thrombosis prophylaxis injections were posed.Results4 of the 34 patients were excluded during the study. Of the remaining 30 patients, 28 were positive regarding the short length of hospital stay. Pain gradually decreased and quality of life and function gradually improved during the 6 weeks. Mean hours of weekly physiotherapy were 0.6 for the first week and 0.9 during the sixth week, with high variance of treatment modalities due to the lack of standardized treatment protocols. Additional clinical consultations were needed in 9 patients during the 6-week period.Interpretation28 of 30 patients were satisfied with the short length of hospital stay. The intensity of physiotherapy was surprisingly low. The quality of life 6 weeks after discharge was similar to that before the surgery.
| S-EPMC4750771 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and purpose - Fast-track protocols have been introduced worldwide to improve the recovery after total hip arthroplasty (THA). These protocols have reduced the length of hospital stay (LOS), and THA in an outpatient setting is also feasible. However, less is known regarding the first weeks after THA with fast track. We examined patients' experiences of the first 6 weeks after hospital discharge following inpatient and outpatient THA with fast track. Patients and methods - In a prospective cohort study, 100 consecutive patients who underwent THA surgery in a fast-track setting between February 2015 and October 2015 received a diary for 6 weeks. This diary contained various internationally validated questionnaires including HOOS-PS, OHS, EQ-5D, SF-12, and ICOAP. In addition, there were general questions regarding pain, the wound, physiotherapy, and thrombosis prophylaxis injections. Results - 94 patients completed the diary, 42 of whom were operated in an outpatient setting. Pain and use of pain medication had gradually decreased during the 6 weeks. Function and quality of life gradually improved. After 6 weeks, 91% of all patients reported better functioning and less pain than preoperatively. Interpretation - Fast track improves early functional outcome, and the PROMs reported during the first 6 weeks in this study showed continued improvement. They can be used as a baseline for future studies. The PROMs reported could also serve as a guide for staff and patients alike to modify expectations and therefore possibly improve patient satisfaction.
| S-EPMC5385107 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The 3 day workshop "Alzheimer's Fast Track" is a unique opportunity for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, or other early-career scientists, focused on Alzheimer's disease research, to gain new knowledge and become an expert in where this emerging scientific field is moving. In addition, it is not only about receiving a good overview, but also learning to write and defend a successful application for securing funding for Alzheimer's disease research projects.
| S-EPMC6924007 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP), like many other research funders, requires its grantees to make papers available via open access (OA). This article investigates the effect of publishing in OA journals and international collaboration within and between European and sub-Saharan African countries on citation impact and likelihood of falling into the top 1% and top 10% most cited papers in poverty-related disease (PRD) research.MethodsDisease-specific research publications were identified in the Web of Science™ and MEDLINE using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. Data on the open accessibility of scientific literature were derived from 1science oaFindr. Publication data, including relative citation counts, were extracted for 2003-2015. Regression models were applied to quantify the relationship between relative citations and presence in the 1% and top 10% most cited papers versus OA and international collaboration.ResultsThe results show that since 2003 papers on PRDs have become increasingly available in OA. Among all PRD areas, malaria research is most frequently published in OA and in international collaboration. The adjusted regression analyses show that holding other factors constant, publishing research in OA and in international collaboration has a significant and meaningful citation advantage over non-OA or non-international collaborative research. Publishing papers as part of a European-wide or European- sub-Saharan African collaboration increases research impact. In contrast, such collaboration advantage is not observed for research output involving sub-Saharan Africa only which seems to decrease research impact.ConclusionsOur results indicate that there is a real, measurable citation advantage for publishing PRD research in OA and international collaboration. However, the international collaboration advantage seems to be region-specific with increased research impact for European-wide and European-sub-Saharan African collaborations but a decrease in research impact of collaborations confined to sub-Saharan African research institutions. Further research is required to further verify this finding and to understand the underlying factors related to this observed decrease in research impact. To target future research capacity building activities in sub-Saharan Africa it is important to assess whether the observed decreased impact reflects the scientific competencies and geographic distribution of individual researchers or institutional-, national- or funder-specific research requirements.
| S-EPMC6145557 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundConsiderable technological advancements have recently been made with endovascular stent grafts for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, there is opportunity to further improve the efficiency of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), which may yield better patient outcomes and lower perioperative treatment costs.Methods/designThe Least Invasive Fast-Track EVAR (LIFE) registry was developed to determine the clinical utility and cost effectiveness of the Ovation® Prime stent graft when used under least invasive conditions using a defined fast-track protocol. The LIFE study is a prospective multicenter post-market registry of the ultra-low profile (14F) Ovation Prime stent graft when used in the treatment of patients with AAA using a fast-track protocol, consisting of appropriate patient selection, bilateral percutaneous access, avoidance of general anesthesia and intensive care unit admission, and next-day discharge. The primary endpoint of the study is the proportion of subjects that experience a major adverse event within 30 days of the initial procedure. Primary endpoint data will be compared to a target performance goal. A total of 250 subjects will be enrolled at up to 40 sites in the United States. The first subject in this study was enrolled in October 2014 and enrollment is anticipated to continue through mid-2016.DiscussionThe recent development of ultra low-profile stent grafts enables EVAR using least invasive methods. A structured fast-track EVAR protocol may yield clinical and cost benefits versus standard EVAR.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02224794.
| S-EPMC4684921 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The present study examines whether the Fast Track (FT) intervention, a 10-year randomized controlled trial with children at risk for conduct problems, affects family formation in adulthood, as indexed by partnerships, parenthood, and family structure, and whether the intervention effect differs across participants' gender and race/ethnicity. Participants included 891 children (intervention n = 445; control n = 446; 69% male; 51% Black, 47% White) who were recruited in kindergarten and followed to age 32 or 34 (80% participation of still-living participants), when they reported on their romantic partnerships, parenthood, and family structure. Controlling for numerous covariates that are related to family formation, intervention participants were more likely than those in the control group to be married rather than single and to have a larger number of children; the intervention and control groups did not differ on cohabitation status, age at first marriage, whether they had ever been divorced, their likelihood of being a parent, the age at which they first became a parent, the spacing of births, family structure (partnered or not, with or without children), or in whether they were residentially independent of their parents and grandparents. Intervention effects were not moderated by gender, but race/ethnicity moderated the effect of the intervention on the probability of having any children and the number of children. These findings suggest that several elements of family formation may remain unchanged by an intervention that changes many other behavioral and psychological trajectories of participants. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
| S-EPMC9870928 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Many embryonic species are initially transcriptionally quiescent after fertilization. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Blythe et al. reveal that beta-catenin acts very early in Xenopus development to specifically modify the chromatin of organizer genes, poising them for rapid activation when transcription begins.
| S-EPMC5568668 | biostudies-other
Project description:Promoters are key components for the application of biotechnological techniques in crop plants. Reporter genes such as GUS or GFP have been used to test the activity of promoters for diverse applications. A huge number of T-DNAs carrying promoterless GUS near their right borders have been inserted into the rice genome, and 105,739 flanking sequence tags from rice lines with this T-DNA insertion have been identified, establishing potential promoter trap lines for 20,899 out of 55,986 genes in the rice genome. Anatomical meta-expression data and information on abiotic stress related to these promoter trap lines enable us to quickly identify new promoters associated with various expression patterns. In the present report, we introduce a strategy to identify new promoters in a very short period of time using a combination of meta-expression analysis and promoter trap lines.
| S-EPMC7020180 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study assessed the efficacy of strength training using augmented eccentric loading to provoke increases in leg strength in well-trained athletes, and sprint track cyclists, using a novel leg press device. Twelve well-trained athletes were randomly allocated traditional resistance training (TRAD, n = 6), or resistance training using augmented eccentric loading (AEL, n = 6). A further 5 full-time, professional sprint track cyclists from a senior national squad programme also trained with augmented eccentric loading (AEL-ATH) alongside their usual sport-specific training. Participants completed four weeks of twice-weekly resistance training using the leg press exercise. In TRAD the lowering phase of the lift was set relative to concentric strength. In AEL and AEL-ATH the lowering phase was individualised to eccentric strength. Concentric, eccentric, isometric and coupled eccentric-concentric leg press strength, and back squat 1 repetition maximum (1RM), were assessed pre- and post-training. The AEL and AEL-ATH groups performed the eccentric phase with an average 26 ± 4% greater load across the programme. All groups experienced increases in concentric (5%, 7% and 3% for TRAD, AEL & AEL-ATH respectively), eccentric (7%, 11% and 6% for TRAD, AEL & AEL-ATH respectively), and squat 1RM (all p < 0.05), where the AEL-ATH group experienced relatively greater increases (13% vs. 5% in TRAD and AEL, p < 0.01). The TRAD and AEL groups also increased isometric strength (p < 0.05). A four-week period of augmented eccentric loading increased leg strength in well-trained athletes and track cyclists. The eccentric leg press stimulus was well-tolerated, supporting the inclusion of such training in the preparation programmes of athletes.
| S-EPMC7390385 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundRepositioning of existing drugs has been suggested as a fast track for developing new anti-malarial agents. The compound libraries of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Pfizer and AstraZeneca (AZ) comprising drugs that have undergone clinical studies in other therapeutic areas, but not achieved approval, and a set of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and other bio-actives were tested against Plasmodium falciparum blood stages.MethodsMolecules were tested initially against erythrocytic co-cultures of P. falciparum to measure proliferation inhibition using one of the following methods: SYBR®I dye DNA staining assay (3D7, K1 or NF54 strains); [(3)H] hypoxanthine radioisotope incorporation assay (3D7 and 3D7A strain); or 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) DNA imaging assay (3D7 and Dd2 strains). After review of the available clinical pharmacokinetic and safety data, selected compounds with low μM activity and a suitable clinical profile were tested in vivo either in a Plasmodium berghei four-day test or in the P. falciparum Pf3D7(0087/N9) huSCID 'humanized' mouse model.ResultsOf the compounds included in the GSK and Pfizer sets, 3.8% (9/238) had relevant in vitro anti-malarial activity while 6/100 compounds from the AZ candidate drug library were active. In comparison, around 0.6% (24/3,800) of the FDA-approved drugs and other bio-actives were active. After evaluation of available clinical data, four investigational drugs, active in vitro were tested in the P. falciparum humanized mouse model: UK-112,214 (PAF-H1 inhibitor), CEP-701 (protein kinase inhibitor), CEP-1347 (protein kinase inhibitor), and PSC-833 (p-glycoprotein inhibitor). Only UK-112,214 showed significant efficacy against P. falciparum in vivo, although at high doses (ED90 131.3 mg/kg [95% CI 112.3, 156.7]), and parasitaemia was still present 96 hours after treatment commencement. Of the six actives from the AZ library, two compounds (AZ-1 and AZ-3) were marginally efficacious in vivo in a P. berghei model.ConclusionsRepositioning of existing therapeutics in malaria is an attractive proposal. Compounds active in vitro at μM concentrations were identified. However, therapeutic concentrations may not be effectively achieved in mice or humans because of poor bio-availability and/or safety concerns. Stringent safety requirements for anti-malarial drugs, given their widespread use in children, make this a challenging area in which to reposition therapy.
| S-EPMC4021201 | biostudies-literature