Micropropagation and Shoot Tip Cryopreservation of ‘Sunny Gold’ Freesia
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Bae J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11207206 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The aim of this study is to optimize and evaluate the effectiveness of vitrification, droplet-vitrification, and encapsulation-vitrification techniques in the cryopreservation of Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara 'Gold Heart', a popular medicinal and ornamental plant species. In vitro-derived shoot tips were used in the experiments. All three techniques were based on explant dehydration with plant vitrification solution 3 (PVS3; 50% glycerol and 50% sucrose) for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 min. The recovered microshoots were subjected to morphometric, biochemical, and molecular analyses (RAPD, ISSR, SCoT). The highest recovery level was reported with the encapsulation-vitrification protocol based on 150 min dehydration (73.1%), while the vitrification technique was the least effective (maximum 25.8% recovery). Explants cryopreserved with the encapsulation-vitrification technique produced the highest mean number of shoots (4.9); moreover, this technique was optimal in terms of rooting efficiency. The highest fresh weight of shoots, on the other hand, was found with the vitrification protocol based on a 30-min PVS3 treatment. The concentrations of chlorophyll a and b were lower in all cryopreservation-derived plants, compared to the untreated control. On the other hand, short dehydration and cryopreservation of non-encapsulated explants stimulated the synthesis of anthocyanins. A small genetic variation in 5% of all samples analyzed was detected by RAPD and ISSR marker systems. Only plants recovered from the encapsulation-vitrification protocol had no DNA sequence alternations.
| S-EPMC7311993 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Scent is one of the most important economic traits in Freesia hybrida. "Shiny Gold", a popular cultivar in South Korea, is widely cultivated for its scent. The relative scent intensity of "Shiny Gold" was approximately 16% higher in full-bloomed flower when compared to the yellow bud stage, while tissue-specifically, tepals showed higher intensity in electronic-nose (e-nose) analysis. E-nose analysis also showed that the scent intensity of "Shiny Gold" was higher and lower than "10C3-424" and "10C3-894", respectively, and was similar to "Yvonne". These results correlated to those of the olfactory tests. In total, 19 volatile compounds, including linalool, β-ocimene, D-limonene, trans-β-ionone were detected in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Among these, linalool was the major volatile compound, accounting for 38.7% in "Shiny Gold". Linalool synthase and TPS gene expression corresponded to the scent intensity of the four cultivars, with the lowest expression in the "10C3-424". TPS 2, TPS 3, TPS 5, TPS 6 and TPS 8 were highly expressed in both bud and flower in "Shiny Gold", while the expression of TPS 4 was lower, relative to other TPS genes in both the flowering stages. These results may aid in enhancing scent composition in Freesia cultivars using marker-assisted selection.
| S-EPMC7698779 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The closely related Coffea arabica cultivars ‘Tall Mokka’ and ‘Typica’, with excellent flavor, but differing distinctively in the size of aerial organs, branching pattern and branch numbers. Differential gene expression analysis of shoot tips of arabica coffee cultivars 'Tall Mokka' and 'Typica' were done using Potato cDNA microarray as cross-species platform. Using cross-species microarray hybridization, we identified a prolyl oligopeptidase (CaPOP) gene as differentially expressed between the shoot tips of ‘Tall Mokka’ and ‘Typica’. Isolation and sequencing of POP genes from coffee identified three paralogs, CaPOP1, CaPOP2 and CaPOP3. All three genes were present in both cultivars, which suggest that differences in the expression of CaPOP are caused by factor(s) regulating the transcription of CaPOPs. CaPOP1 differs in sequence from CaPOP2 primarily in having two large deletions in the promoter region. CaPOP genes are homologous to arabidopsis At1g20380, encoding a post-proline cleaving enzyme that acts on substrates shorter than 30 amino acids. Ectopic expression of CaPOP1 under its native promoter in transgenic arabidopsis resulted in more secondary branches than in the wild type. This is the first study to successfully isolate CaPOP genes and characterize their expression in the developing tissues of coffee. This study also identified a novel role for prolyl oligopeptidase in control of branching.
2011-08-04 | GSE31179 | GEO
Project description:Directed assembly of gold nanorods through the use of dithiolated molecular linkers is one of the most efficient methodologies for the morphologically controlled tip-to-tip assembly of this type of anisotropic nanocrystals. However, in a direct analogy to molecular polymerization synthesis, this process is characterized by difficulties in chain-growth control over nanoparticle oligomers. In particular, it is nearly impossible to favor the formation of one type of oligomer, making the methodology hard to use for actual applications in nanoplasmonics. We propose here a light-controlled synthetic procedure that allows obtaining selected plasmonic oligomers in high yield and with reaction times in the scale of minutes by irradiation with low fluence near-infrared (NIR) femtosecond laser pulses. Selective inhibition of the formation of gold nanorod n-mers (trimers) with a longitudinal localized surface plasmon in resonance with a 800 nm Ti:sapphire laser, allowed efficient trapping of the (n - 1)-mers (dimers) by hot spot mediated photothermal decomposition of the interparticle molecular linkers. Laser irradiation at higher energies produced near-field enhancement at the interparticle gaps, which is large enough to melt gold nanorod tips, offering a new pathway toward tip-to-tip welding of gold nanorod oligomers with a plasmonic response at the NIR. Thorough optical and electron microscopy characterization indicates that plasmonic oligomers can be selectively trapped and welded, which has been analyzed in terms of a model that predicts with reasonable accuracy the relative concentrations of the main plasmonic species.
| S-EPMC4898861 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIn vitro cultivation and cryopreservation techniques are essential tools for genetic diversity conservation and pathogen-free plant propagation of horticultural crops. The optimisation of cryopreservation protocols typically focuses on minimising the negative effects of pretreatment with cryoprotectors (CPs), cryogenic freezing (CF) treatment, and recovery procedures on explants. However, the impact of in vitro and CF techniques on plant-associated microbiota remains poorly understood, and their potential to improve plant adaptation after cryopreservation is underexplored. The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro shoot culture and cryopreservation-induced changes in the endophytic bacterial diversity of two sweet cherry cultivars and to assess the potential of an inoculum of bacterial isolates to improve the growth of shoot culture after CF.ResultsCultivars 'Sunburst' and 'Mindaugė' showed different responses to cold hardening preconditioning as well as different survival and regrowth rates after cryopreservation. Metataxonomic analysis revealed variation in the abundance and taxonomic composition of bacteria assigned to 35 families in samples of field-grown tree leaves, dormant buds, and in vitro shoot culture before and after CF treatment. Bacillaceae and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were predominant in the leaf samples of both cultivars. For 'Sunburst', Pseudomonadaceae and Sphingomonadaceae bacteria were dominant in dormant buds and in vitro shoots, respectively, while Burkholderiaceae was largely predominant in the shoots following CF treatment. Conversely, 'Mindaugė' tissues exhibited more consistent colonisation by Bacillaceae and Enterobacteriaceae across the experimental groups, except for in vitro shoots where Mycobacteriaceae prevailed. A pure bacterial isolate inoculum was applied to the 'Mindaugė' shoot culture to counter the CF treatment-induced suppression of shoot growth (~ 40%). Cocultivation with Brevibacterium sp. S1-2, Bacillus cereus S1-3, or B. toyonensis Nt18 increased the shoot leaf area from 48 to 75%.ConclusionsThis study revealed that endophytic bacterial diversity is significantly reduced under in vitro conditions, often leading to a genotype-specific increase in the abundance and dominance of bacteria attributed to a single bacterial family. Moreover, shoot cocultivation with endophytic bacterial isolates has potential for improving the recovery of in vitro shoots after cryopreservation.
| S-EPMC11606084 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The closely related Coffea arabica cultivars ‘Tall Mokka’ and ‘Typica’, with excellent flavor, but differing distinctively in the size of aerial organs, branching pattern and branch numbers. Differential gene expression analysis of shoot tips of arabica coffee cultivars 'Tall Mokka' and 'Typica' were done using Potato cDNA microarray as cross-species platform. Using cross-species microarray hybridization, we identified a prolyl oligopeptidase (CaPOP) gene as differentially expressed between the shoot tips of ‘Tall Mokka’ and ‘Typica’. Isolation and sequencing of POP genes from coffee identified three paralogs, CaPOP1, CaPOP2 and CaPOP3. All three genes were present in both cultivars, which suggest that differences in the expression of CaPOP are caused by factor(s) regulating the transcription of CaPOPs. CaPOP1 differs in sequence from CaPOP2 primarily in having two large deletions in the promoter region. CaPOP genes are homologous to arabidopsis At1g20380, encoding a post-proline cleaving enzyme that acts on substrates shorter than 30 amino acids. Ectopic expression of CaPOP1 under its native promoter in transgenic arabidopsis resulted in more secondary branches than in the wild type. This is the first study to successfully isolate CaPOP genes and characterize their expression in the developing tissues of coffee. This study also identified a novel role for prolyl oligopeptidase in control of branching. Eight coffee trees of 'Typica' ('K') and six trees of 'Tall Mokka' ('M') cultivar were used in this study. The trees were equally divided into two groups 'A' and 'B' for each cultivar ('MA','MB', 'KA' and 'KB') and treated as biological replicates. Eight two channel microarray hybridizations were done in following pairs: MA x KA, MA x KB, MB x KA, MB x KB and dye swap replicate of each pair. Summary: Two-sample experiment: Tall Mokka vs. Typica . 8 Hybridizations. 2 Biological replicates per sample. 1 Dye swap per array.
2011-08-03 | E-GEOD-31179 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To study genes specially expressed in root tip, leaf tip, shoot tip, root (without root tip) and leaf (without leaf tip) of Ceratopteris richardii, we carried out an RNA-seq to analyze gene expression levels from these five tissues.
2019-10-22 | GSE139160 | GEO
Project description:The search for efficient plasmonic photothermal therapies using nonharmful pulse laser irradiation at the near-infrared (NIR) is fundamental for biomedical cancer research. Therefore, the development of novel assembled plasmonic gold nanostructures with the aim of reducing the applied laser power density to a minimum through hot-spot-mediated cell photothermolysis is an ongoing challenge. We demonstrate that gold nanorods (Au NRs) functionalized at their tips with a pH-sensitive ligand assemble into oligomers within cell lysosomes through hydrogen-bonding attractive interactions. The unique intracellular features of the plasmonic oligomers allow us to significantly reduce the femtosecond laser power density and Au NR dose while still achieving excellent cell killing rates. The formation of gold tip-to-tip oligomers with longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance bands at the NIR, obtained from low-aspect-ratio Au NRs close in resonance with 800 nm Ti:sapphire 90 fs laser pulses, was found to be the key parameter for realizing the enhanced plasmonic photothermal therapy.
| S-EPMC5046174 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The growth of leaves and biosynthesis of characteristic secondary metabolites are critically important for tea production and quality control. However, little is known about the coordinated regulation of leaf development and catechin biosynthesis in tea plants. Here, we reported that TCP TFs are involved in both catechin biosynthesis and leaf development. An integrated analysis of catechin profiling and CsTCP expression in different tissues of plants under various environmental conditions at different developmental stages indicated significant correlations between the transcript levels of CIN-type TCPs and catechin production. CIN-type CsTCP3 and CsTCP4 and PCF-type CsTCP14 interacted with the MYB-bHLH-WD40 repeat (MBW) complex by forming a CsTCP3-CsTT8 heterodimer and modulating the transactivation activity of the promoters of anthocyanin synthase (CsANS1) and anthocyanidin reductase (CsANR1). Four types of microRNA/target modules, miR319b/CsTCP3-4, miR164b/CsCUC, miR396/CsGRF-GIF, and miR165b/HD-ZIPIII ones, were also identified and characterized for their functions in the regulation of the development of tea plant shoot tips and leaf shape. The results of these modules were reflected by their different expression patterns in developing buds and leaves that had distinctly different morphologies in three different tea plant varieties. Their roles in the regulation of catechin biosynthesis were also further verified by manipulation of microRNA319b (miR319b), which targets the transcripts of CsTCP3 and CsTCP4. Thus, CsTCPs represent at least one of these important groups of TFs that can integrate tea plant leaf development together with secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Our study provides new insight into shoot tip development and catechin production in tea plants and lays a foundation for further mechanistic understanding of the regulation of tea plant leaf development and secondary metabolism.
| S-EPMC8087681 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Herein, we present an optimized bottom-up approach to fabricate homogeneous Au nanostars with plasmon resonances fully tunable between the red and the infrared. The synthetic method relies on the kinetic control of the reaction upon optimization of the reactant concentrations (i.e., gold seeds, reducing agent, and gold salt). Optical enhancing properties of the obtained materials are demonstrated by using SERS with visible and infrared lasers.
| S-EPMC6643923 | biostudies-literature