Dataset Information

Long shared haplotypes identify the Southern Urals as a primary source for the 10th century Hungarians.

ABSTRACT: During the Hungarian Conquest in the 10th century CE, the early medieval Magyars, a group of mounted warriors from Eastern Europe, settled in the Carpathian Basin. They likely introduced the Hungarian language to this new settlement area, during an event documented by both written sources and archaeological evidence. Previous archaeogenetic research identified the newcomers as migrants from the Eurasian steppe. However, genome-wide ancient DNA from putative source populations has not been available to test alternative theories of their precise source. We generated genome-wide ancient DNA data for 131 individuals from candidate archaeological contexts in the Circum-Uralic region in present-day Russia. Our results tightly link the Magyars to people of the Early Medieval Karayakupovo archaeological horizon on both the European and Asian sides of the southern Urals. Our analyes show that ancestors of the people of the Karayakupovo archaeological horizon were established in the Southern Urals by the Iron Age and that their descendants persisted locally in the Volga-Kama region until at least the 14th century.

SUBMITTER: Gyuris B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11291037 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Long shared haplotypes identify the Southern Urals as a primary source for the 10th century Hungarians.

Gyuris Balázs B Vyazov Leonid L Türk Attila A Flegontov Pavel P Szeifert Bea B Langó Péter P Mende Balázs Gusztáv BG Csáky Veronika V Chizhevskiy Andrey A AA Gazimzyanov Ilgizar R IR Khokhlov Aleksandr A AA Kolonskikh Aleksandr G AG Matveeva Natalia P NP Ruslanova Rida R RR Rykun Marina P MP Sitdikov Ayrat A Volkova Elizaveta V EV Botalov Sergei G SG Bugrov Dmitriy G DG Grudochko Ivan V IV Komar Oleksii O Krasnoperov Alexander A AA Poshekhonova Olga E OE Chikunova Irina I Sungatov Flarit F Stashenkov Dmitrii A DA Zubov Sergei S Zelenkov Alexander S AS Ringbauer Harald H Cheronet Olivia O Pinhasi Ron R Akbari Ali A Rohland Nadin N Mallick Swapan S Reich David D Szécsényi-Nagy Anna A

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 20240723

During the Hungarian Conquest in the 10th century CE, the early medieval Magyars, a group of mounted warriors from Eastern Europe, settled in the Carpathian Basin. They likely introduced the Hungarian language to this new settlement area, during an event documented by both written sources and archaeological evidence. Previous archaeogenetic research identified the newcomers as migrants from the Eurasian steppe. However, genome-wide ancient DNA from putative source populations has not been availa ...[more]

PMID: 39091721

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Project description:BackgroundDuring the last 100 years, rapid advances of trees towards higher elevations and latitudes have been recorded for various regions worldwide, including the Ural Mountains. Climate warming and tree cover increases can lead to significant changes in the high-mountain vegetation. Direct observations on the vegetation of high-mountain regions provide evidence for an increase in the species diversity of plants at high elevations and changes in the composition of the alpine communities. This study investigated the diversity and distribution of vascular plants within the present-day treeline ecotone in Mount Iremel, the Southern Urals.New informationThe dataset (Trubina and Nesterkov 2021, available from the GBIF network at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/284f1484-10b7-4ef5-87b7-9de1159e6b42) presents the results of an assessment of species richness and frequency of vascular plants at the different elevation levels (from 1203 to 1348 m a.s.l.) and different biotopes (birch-spruce shrub forest, birch-spruce sparse forest and spruce forest with fragments of meadow plant communities) within the treeline ecotone in Mount Iremel, Southern Urals. Observations were carried out at 700 sampling plots with two estimation methods: small-size plot (0.5 × 0.5 m) sampling (672 plots in total) and large-size plot (10 × 10 m) sampling (28 plots). The dataset includes 700 sampling events (= sampling plots), corresponding to 5585 occurrences (vascular plants, mainly identified to species) observed during July 2003. Only occurrences containing plant taxa (occurrenceStatus = present) have been provided. The dataset includes information about distribution and frequency of the Ural endemic species (Anemone narcissiflora subsp. biarmiensis (Juz.) Jalas, Calamagrostis uralensis Litv., Cerastium krylovii Schischk. & Gorczak., Festuca igoschiniae Tzvel., Hieracium iremelense (Elfstr.) Üksip, Lagotis uralensis Schischk, Pleurospermum uralense Hoffm.) and the Pleistocene relict species (Alopecurus magellanicus Lam., Bistorta vivipara (L.) Delarbre, Cerastium pauciflorum Stev. ex. Ser., Pedicularis oederi Vahl, Saussurea controversa DC., Swertia perennis L.). The dataset also provides information that can be useful for estimating biodiversity and plant communities composition within the treeline ecotone at a specified time period and contributes to the study of biodiversity conservation in the Ural Region.

Dataset Information

Long shared haplotypes identify the Southern Urals as a primary source for the 10th century Hungarians.

Publications

Long shared haplotypes identify the Southern Urals as a primary source for the 10th century Hungarians.

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