Association of inflammatory cytokines with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Previous observational studies have suggested associations between various inflammatory cytokines with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. However, the causal association remains uncertain.

Method

Summary statistics for type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy were obtained from a publicly available genome-wide association study. Data on inflammatory cytokines were sourced from a genome-wide association study on protein quantitative trait loci. The inverse variance-weighted method was applied as the primary method for causal inference. MR-Egger, weighted mode, and weighted median method were employed as supplementary analyses. Sensitivity analyses were performed to detect heterogeneity and potential horizontal pleiotropy in the study.

Res

SUBMITTER: Song S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11580751 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature