Local c-di-GMP signaling, triggered by cross-regulation of cAMP-CRP and c-di-GMP, controls biofilm formation under nutrient limitation.

ABSTRACT: Bacteria have several nucleotide second messengers, most of which act as global regulators to control a wide range of bacterial physiological processes. Studies usually focus on a single second messenger, and the mechanisms and physiological significance of the cross-regulation between different nucleotide second messengers are often unclear. Here, we show that Shewanella putrefaciens can form biofilms in both nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor media. While both are controlled by c-di-GMP, the regulatory models differ. Under low nutrient conditions, cross-regulation of cAMP-CRP and c-di-GMP occurs at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels, thereby controlling biofilm development. During the early stages of biofilm development, cAMP-CRP directly promotes the transcription of a

SUBMITTER: Sun D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12415220 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature