Understanding efficiency losses from radiative and nonradiative recombination in Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄ solar cells.

ABSTRACT: The photovoltaic performance of Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄ is limited by open-circuit voltage losses (ΔV_OC) in the radiative (ΔV_OC^Rad) and non-radiative (ΔV_OC^Nrad) limits, due to sub-bandgap absorption and deep defects, respectively. Recently, several devices with power conversion efficiencies approaching 15% have been reported, prompting renewed interest in the possibility that the key performance-limiting factors have been addressed. In this work, we analyze the sources of ΔV_OC in these devices and offer directions for future research. We find that ΔV_OC^Rad, arising from bandgap fluctuations and Urbach tails, has been significantly suppressed, with values comparable to those of commercial Cu(

SUBMITTER: Hadke SS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12417543 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature