A unified probabilistic energy and carbon footprint appraisal for intermittent water supply systems in arid regions.

ABSTRACT: A probabilistic methodology assessed hydraulics, water consumption, distribution pumping, and households pumping from the ground to rooftop storage for energy consumption in 24/7 and 2-day supply scenarios in two distribution networks, each with 379 and 959 service connections and diverse topographies. A local market survey gathered the characteristics of thirty-two household-level pumps used in the area. Considering a per capita daily water consumption of 250 L, probabilistic analysis revealed that the daily operating time of household pumps varied from 0.155 to 0.17 h at the median and from 0.37 to 0.47 h at a 0.9 probability, highlighting variation in household sizes within the study region. The study observed 26% higher energy consumption with a 24/7 supply compared to a 2-day supply f

SUBMITTER: Haider H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12475210 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature