Cinnabar-induced hormesis in <i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i> MD33: multi-omics elucidation of a fungal-specific dendrobine biosynthesis pathway.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The endangered orchid Dendrobium nobile is the primary source of dendrobine, a neuroprotective sesquiterpene alkaloid, but unsustainable harvesting necessitates alternative production platforms, such as the endophytic fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum MD33. However, the fungal dendrobine pathway and its regulatory mechanisms remain uncharacterized, limiting its biotechnological exploitation.

Methods

This study investigated cinnabar (HgS)-induced hormesis to elucidate the stress-mediated metabolic reprogramming of dendrobine biosynthesis through integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling.

Results

Subtoxic HgS concentrations (1.0-4.0 μg/L) triggered ROS signaling, upregulating the mevalonate pathway, terpenoid synthases (TPS1/2), and

SUBMITTER: Jain A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12634576 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature