Development and validation of the NEOS2 score for prediction of long-term outcomes and improvement after first-line immunotherapy in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis: an international cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe disease that primarily affects young people and can improve with adequate treatment. We aimed to refine the anti-NMDAR Encephalitis One-year functional Status (NEOS) score by developing NEOS2, an updated model using readily available data at the time of diagnosis. We assessed the predictive value of the NEOS2-score for (1) improvement following first-line treatment, (2) functional outcome at one-year follow-up, and (3) resumption of school or work within three years.

Methods

In this international (France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands and Spain) cohort study in patients with a definite anti-NMDAR encephalitis diagnosis (according to the clinical criteria plus antibody testing in CSF), we pe

SUBMITTER: Brenner J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12757447 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature