Longitudinal analysis of XEN45 gel stent bleb morphology using bleb grading scales, anterior segment-OCT, in vivo confocal microscopy, and impression cytology.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To characterize bleb morphology and conjunctival features after XEN45 Gel Stent surgery (XGS) using slit-lamp bleb grading, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and impression cytology analysis (ICA), in both success and failure cases.

Methods

Twenty-four eyes (24 patients) underwent XGS, with 20 included in the final analysis. In addition to a full ophthalmic exam, blebs were evaluated using Moorfield's Bleb Grading System (BGS), AS-OCT, IVCM, and ICA. AS-OCT metrics included bleb-wall and subepithelial cyst-like structure area and density (BECSA/BECSD, BSCSA/BSCSD), bleb height (BH), bleb thickness (BT), and epithelial thickness (BET). IVCM parameters included stromal meshwork reflectivity (SMR), goblet cell de

SUBMITTER: Ventura-Abreu N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12906558 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature