Dataset Information

High genetic diversity of measles virus, World Health Organization European Region, 2005-2006.

ABSTRACT: During 2005-2006, nine measles virus (MV) genotypes were identified throughout the World Health Organization European Region. All major epidemics were associated with genotypes D4, D6, and B3. Other genotypes (B2, D5, D8, D9, G2, and H1) were only found in limited numbers of cases after importation from other continents. The genetic diversity of endemic D6 strains was low; genotypes C2 and D7, circulating in Europe until recent years, were no longer identified. The transmission chains of several indigenous MV strains may thus have been interrupted by enhanced vaccination. However, multiple importations from Africa and Asia and virus introduction into highly mobile and unvaccinated communities caused a massive spread of D4 and B3 strains throughout much of the region. Thus, despite the reduction of endemic MV circulation, importation of MV from other continents caused prolonged circulation and large outbreaks after their introduction into unvaccinated and highly mobile communities.

SUBMITTER: Kremer JR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2600148 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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High genetic diversity of measles virus, World Health Organization European Region, 2005-2006.

Kremer Jacques R JR Brown Kevin E KE Jin Li L Santibanez Sabine S Shulga Sergey V SV Aboudy Yair Y Demchyshyna Irina V IV Djemileva Sultana S Echevarria Juan E JE Featherstone David F DF Hukic Mirsada M Johansen Kari K Litwinska Bogumila B Lopareva Elena E Lupulescu Emilia E Mentis Andreas A Mihneva Zefira Z Mosquera Maria M MM Muscat Mark M Naumova M A MA Nedeljkovic Jasminka J Nekrasova Ljubov S LS Magurano Fabio F Fortuna Claudia C de Andrade Helena Rebelo HR Richard Jean-Luc JL Robo Alma A Rota Paul A PA Samoilovich Elena O EO Sarv Inna I Semeiko Galina V GV Shugayev Nazim N Utegenova Elmira S ES van Binnendijk Rob R Vinner Lasse L Waku-Kouomou Diane D Wild T Fabian TF Brown David W G DW Mankertz Annette A Muller Claude P CP Mulders Mick N MN

Emerging infectious diseases 20080101 1

During 2005-2006, nine measles virus (MV) genotypes were identified throughout the World Health Organization European Region. All major epidemics were associated with genotypes D4, D6, and B3. Other genotypes (B2, D5, D8, D9, G2, and H1) were only found in limited numbers of cases after importation from other continents. The genetic diversity of endemic D6 strains was low; genotypes C2 and D7, circulating in Europe until recent years, were no longer identified. The transmission chains of several ...[more]

PMID: 18258089

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Project description:BackgroundInfluenza causes yearly seasonal epidemics and periodic pandemics. Global systems have been established to monitor the evolution and impact of influenza viruses, yet regional analysis of surveillance findings has been limited. This study describes epidemiological and virological characteristics of influenza during 2006-2010 in the World Health Organization's Western Pacific Region.Methodology/principal findingsInfluenza-like illness (ILI) and influenza virus data were obtained from the 14 countries with National Influenza Centres. Data were obtained directly from countries and from FluNet, the web-based tool of the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System. National influenza surveillance and participation in the global system increased over the five years. Peaks in ILI reporting appeared to be coincident with the proportion of influenza positive specimens. Temporal patterns of ILI activity and the proportion of influenza positive specimens were clearly observed in temperate countries: Mongolia, Japan and the Republic of Korea in the northern hemisphere, and Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and New Caledonia (France) in the southern hemisphere. Two annual peaks in activity were observed in China from 2006 through the first quarter of 2009. A temporal pattern was less evident in tropical countries, where influenza activity was observed year-round. Influenza A viruses accounted for the majority of viruses reported between 2006 and 2009, but an equal proportion of influenza A and influenza B viruses was detected in 2010.Conclusions/significanceDespite differences in surveillance methods and intensity, commonalities in ILI and influenza virus circulation patterns were identified. Patterns suggest that influenza circulation may be dependent on a multitude of factors including seasonality and population movement. Dominant strains in Southeast Asian countries were later detected in other countries. Thus, timely reporting and regional sharing of information about influenza may serve as an early warning, and may assist countries to anticipate the potential severity and burden associated with incoming strains.

Dataset Information

High genetic diversity of measles virus, World Health Organization European Region, 2005-2006.

Publications

High genetic diversity of measles virus, World Health Organization European Region, 2005-2006.

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