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Aggregation of capped hexaglycine strands into hydrogen-bonding motifs representative of pleated and rippled ?-sheets, collagen, and polyglycine I and II crystal structures. A density functional theory study.

ABSTRACT: We compare the energies and enthalpies of inter-action of three- and seven-stranded capped polyglycine aggregates in both the pleated and rippled antiparallel and parallel ?-sheet structures as well as the collagenic (three-strand) or polyglycine II-like (seven-strand) forms using density functional theory at the B3LYP/D95(d,p) level. We present the overall interaction energies as broken down into pure H-bonding between the strands at the geometries they assume in the aggregates and the distortion energies required to achieve those geometries starting from the fully relaxed single strands. While the antiparallel sheets represent the most stable structures for both the three- and seven-strand structures, the pure H-bonding interactions are the smallest for these structures. The overall interaction energies are dominated by the energy required to distort the relaxed polyglycine strands rather than the H-bonding energies. The antiparallel ?-sheet constrained to C(s) symmetry has a lower enthalpy, but higher energy, of interaction than the fully optimized structure.

SUBMITTER: Plumley JA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3042133 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Aggregation of capped hexaglycine strands into hydrogen-bonding motifs representative of pleated and rippled β-sheets, collagen, and polyglycine I and II crystal structures. A density functional theory study.

Plumley Joshua A JA Tsai Midas I-Hsien MI Dannenberg J J JJ

The journal of physical chemistry. B 20110125 6

We compare the energies and enthalpies of inter-action of three- and seven-stranded capped polyglycine aggregates in both the pleated and rippled antiparallel and parallel β-sheet structures as well as the collagenic (three-strand) or polyglycine II-like (seven-strand) forms using density functional theory at the B3LYP/D95(d,p) level. We present the overall interaction energies as broken down into pure H-bonding between the strands at the geometries they assume in the aggregates and the distorti ...[more]

PMID: 21261311

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Project description:Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder caused by expanded CGG (CGGexp) trinucleotides in the 5'UTR of the FMR1 gene encoding fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). The patients, with the number of the repeats ranging from 55 to 200, show specific manifestation of clinical symptoms that include intention tremor, gait ataxia, cognitive deficits, and brain atrophy. Accumulation of toxic polyglycine (FMRpolyG), a by-product of the CGGexp repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation, is considered to be one of the main factors triggering neurodegenerative processes in FXTAS patients. Nevertheless, the nature of the FMRpolyG-induced cell damage, especially in the context of its soluble and inclusion-associated forms, is still elusive. Targeting either biosynthesis, cellular stability or aggregation capacity of toxic FMRpolyG could be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for FXTAS. Therefore, we tested a variety of quantitative methods based on forced expression of genetic constructs carrying CGGexp repeats in the context of the FMR1 5'UTR fused to GFP, mCherry or Firefly luciferase gene in or out of frame to the polyglycine encoding sequence. We show that FMRpolyG translation either from native or an AUG-induced start codon as well as the translation yield of the FMRP open reading frame equivalent located downstream of the CGGexp element can be effectively estimated using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry or luciferase assay. We also quantitatively estimated soluble fraction and insoluble form of FMRpolyG aggregated in foci using an electrophoretic separation of cell lysates and fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Importantly, we show that dependent on a fusion tag, FMRpolyG has a different potential for aggregate formation. Our established protocols enable sensitive tracking of FMRP and FMRpolyG quantitative and qualitative changes after treatment with potential therapeutic agents for FXTAS. Furthermore, they can be modified for application to other RAN translation- and aggregation-related diseases.

Dataset Information

Aggregation of capped hexaglycine strands into hydrogen-bonding motifs representative of pleated and rippled ?-sheets, collagen, and polyglycine I and II crystal structures. A density functional theory study.

Publications

Aggregation of capped hexaglycine strands into hydrogen-bonding motifs representative of pleated and rippled β-sheets, collagen, and polyglycine I and II crystal structures. A density functional theory study.

Similar Datasets

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