Dataset Information

Detection of influenza C virus but not influenza D virus in Scottish respiratory samples.

ABSTRACT:

Background

A newly proposed genus of influenza virus (influenza D) is associated with respiratory disease in pigs and cattle. The novel virus is most closely related to human influenza C virus and can infect ferrets but infection has not been reported in humans.

Objectives

To ascertain if influenza D virus can be detected retrospectively in patient respiratory samples.

Study design

3300 human respiratory samples from Edinburgh, Scotland, covering the period 2006-2008, were screened in pools of 10 by RT-PCR using primers capable of detecting both influenza C and D viruses.

Results

Influenza D was not detected in any sample. Influenza C was present in 6 samples (0.2%), compared with frequencies of 3.3% and 0.9% for influenza A and B viruses from RT-PCR testing of respiratory samples over the same period. Influenza C virus was detected in samples from individuals <2 years or >45 years old, with cases occurring throughout the year. Phylogenetic analysis of nearly complete sequences of all seven segments revealed the presence of multiple, reassortant lineages.

Conclusion

We were unable to detect viruses related to influenza D virus in human respiratory samples. Influenza C virus was less prevalent than influenza A and B viruses, was associated with mild disease in the young (<2 years) and old (>45 years) and comprised multiple, reassortant lineages. Inclusion of influenza C virus as part of a diagnostic testing panel for respiratory infections would be of limited additional value.

SUBMITTER: Smith DB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4710576 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Detection of influenza C virus but not influenza D virus in Scottish respiratory samples.

Smith Donald B DB Gaunt Eleanor R ER Digard Paul P Templeton Kate K Simmonds Peter P

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology 20151128

<h4>Background</h4>A newly proposed genus of influenza virus (influenza D) is associated with respiratory disease in pigs and cattle. The novel virus is most closely related to human influenza C virus and can infect ferrets but infection has not been reported in humans.<h4>Objectives</h4>To ascertain if influenza D virus can be detected retrospectively in patient respiratory samples.<h4>Study design</h4>3300 human respiratory samples from Edinburgh, Scotland, covering the period 2006-2008, were ...[more]

PMID: 26655269

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Project description:Two nested PCR assays were developed for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). Primers were selected from the gene encoding the F fusion protein (PCR-F) and the gene encoding the G attachment protein (PCR-G). Biotinylated oligonucleotide probes, termed F and G, were selected for the hybridization of the respective PCR products. The sensitivities of the PCR-F and PCR-G assays were similar, both detecting 0.1 tissue culture infective dose of the virus. The PCR-F assay amplified all bovine strains and one human strain (RS32) tested. No cross-reactions were observed with nine heterologous respiratory viruses. PCR-F products of bovine and human RSV strains were discriminated by using endonuclease restriction enzyme ScaI, which specifically cleaved, products of BRSV. Oligonucleotide probe F was also specific for products of BRSV. The PCR-G assay detected all bovine strains and none of the human strains tested. A faint electrophoretic band was also observed with products of Sendai virus. However, probe G did not hybridize with this product, only with products of BRSV. Nasal swabs collected from cattle with no symptoms and cattle in the acute stage of respiratory disease were analyzed for BRSV by the immunofluorescence (IF) method and by the PCR-F and PCR-G assays. The virus was detected by the PCR assays in 31 of 35 (89%) samples tested. Only 23 samples (66%) were positive by the IF method, and these samples were also positive by both the PCR-F and PCR-G assays. The 31 samples detected as positive by PCR originated from cattle presenting clinical signs of acute respiratory disease; the four PCR-negative samples originated from clinically asymptomatic neighboring cattle. All sampled animals subsequently seroconverted and became reactive to BRSV. Thus, the detection of BRSV by PCR correlated with clinical observations and was considerably more sensitive (66 versus 89%) than IF. These results indicate that both nested PCR assays provide rapid and sensitive means for the detection of BRSV infection in cattle. Considering its higher specificity, the PCR-F assay can be recommended as the method of choice in the analysis of clinical specimens of BRSV.

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Dataset Information

Detection of influenza C virus but not influenza D virus in Scottish respiratory samples.

Background

Objectives

Study design

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Detection of influenza C virus but not influenza D virus in Scottish respiratory samples.

Similar Datasets

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